๋๋ผ์ธํธ๋ก
๋๋ผ์ธํธ๋ก ์ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ **5-HT3 ์์ฉ์ฒด ๊ธธํญ์ **๋ก, ์์ํ์์ ์ฃผ๋ก ํญ๊ตฌํ ์ ๋ก ์ฌ์ฉ๋ฉ๋๋ค. ํนํ ๊ฐ์ ๊ณ ์์ด์ ์ ํํ์๋ฒ๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ์ฌํ ๋ฉ์ค๊บผ์๊ณผ ๊ตฌํ ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ํ๋ ๋ฐ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋๋ค. * **ํฌ์ฝ ํธ์์ฑ**: ํ๋ฃจ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋ฒ ํฌ์ฌํด์ผ ํ๋ ์จ๋จ์ธํธ๋ก ๊ณผ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ, ๋๋ผ์ธํธ๋ก ์ ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก **ํ๋ฃจ ํ ๋ฒ** ํฌ์ฌํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. * **์ ํ์ ํ๊ณ**: ์ฃผ์ฌ์ ๋ ๋ณ์ ๋ด ์ฌ์ฉ์ ๋งค์ฐ ์ค์ฉ์ ์ด์ง๋ง, ์ํ๋๋ ์ธ์ฒด์ฉ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ์ ์ (50mg ๋ฐ 100mg)๋ ๋๋ถ๋ถ์ ์๋๋ฌผ์๊ฒ ์ง์ ํฌ์ฌํ๊ธฐ์๋ ๋๋ฌด ํฝ๋๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๊ฒฝ๊ตฌ ํฌ์ฌ ์์๋ ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ์กฐ์ (compounding)๊ฐ ํ์ํฉ๋๋ค. > **์์ ์์ **: ๋น์ฉ ๋ฐ ์ ํ์ ํ๊ณ๋ก ์ธํด ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ธ ์ธ๋ ์ง๋ฃ์์๋ ๋ง๋กํผํํธ(maropitant)๋ ์จ๋จ์ธํธ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ ๋ค๋ฅธ ํญ๊ตฌํ ์ ๊ฐ ์ ํธ๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์ผ๋ฉฐ, ๋๋ผ์ธํธ๋ก ์ ๋์น์ฑ ์ฆ๋ก๋ ํน์ ํํ์๋ฒ ํ๋กํ ์ฝ์ ์ํด ๋ณด๋ฅ๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์ต๋๋ค.
์์ฉ ๊ธฐ์ : Dolasetron exerts its anti-nausea and antiemetic effects by selectively antagonizing **5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptors**. * **Peripheral Pathway**: Chemotherapy and severe GI insults cause the release of serotonin from mucosal enterochromaffin cells in the small intestine. Serotonin binds to 5-HT3 receptors on **vagal afferent nerve terminals**, sending emetogenic signals to the brain. Dolasetron blocks this interaction. * **Central Pathway**: Dolasetron also blocks 5-HT3 receptors located directly within the **Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone (CRTZ)** in the central nervous system. Once administered, dolasetron is rapidly converted by carbonyl reductase into its active metabolite, **hydrodolasetron**, which is primarily responsible for the pharmacological effects.
๋๋ฌผ ์ข ๋ณ ์ฉ๋
- Anti-emetic, particularly for patients receiving chemotherapeutics ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV once daily ยท IV ยท q24h
- Vomiting disorders ยท 0.6-1 mg/kg PO q12h ยท PO ยท q12h
- Prevent vomiting ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV or PO once daily ยท IV/PO ยท q24h
- Treat vomiting ยท 1 mg/kg PO or IV once daily ยท PO/IV ยท q24h
- General anti-emetic ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV q12h or 0.6-1 mg/kg PO q12h ยท IV/PO ยท q12h
- Anti-emetic, particularly for patients receiving chemotherapeutics ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV once daily ยท IV ยท q24h
- General anti-emetic ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV q24h or 0.5 mg/kg PO, SC or IV q24h ยท IV/PO/SC ยท q24h
- Vomiting disorders ยท 0.6-1 mg/kg PO q12h ยท PO ยท q12h
- Prevent vomiting ยท 0.6 mg/kg IV or PO once daily ยท IV/PO ยท q24h
- Treat vomiting ยท 1 mg/kg PO or IV once daily ยท PO/IV ยท q24h
์ฉ๋์ ๋ฉดํ ์์ ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์์ ์ฐธ๊ณ ์๋ฃ์ ๋๋ค. ํญ์ ์ต์ ๋ผ๋ฒจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ๋ณ ํ์์ ๋ํด ํ์ธํ์ญ์์ค.
ํฌ์ฌ ๊ฒฝ๋ก
๊ธ๊ธฐ
- Known hypersensitivity to dolasetron
- Atrioventricular (AV) block II to III
- Markedly prolonged QTc interval
์ด์๋ฐ์
- Dose-related ECG interval prolongation (PR, QTc, JT prolongation, and QRS widening)
- Headache (reported in humans)
- Dizziness (reported in humans)
์ฝ๋ฌผ ์ํธ์์ฉ
- Atenolol ยท May reduce the clearance and increase blood levels of hydrodolasetron
- Cimetidine ยท May reduce the clearance and increase blood levels of hydrodolasetron
- Ketoconazole ยท May reduce the clearance and increase blood levels of hydrodolasetron
- Phenobarbital ยท Can reduce hydrodolasetron blood levels
- Rifampin ยท Can reduce hydrodolasetron blood levels
๋ชจ๋ํฐ๋ง
- Efficacy (resolution of nausea and vomiting)
- Heart rhythm (ECG) in at-risk patients (e.g., those with electrolyte imbalances or on arrhythmogenic drugs)
๊ณผ์ฉ๋
Data on overdosage is very limited. * **Clinical Signs**: In humans, a massive overdose (13 mg/kg) resulted in severe hypotension and dizziness. * **Treatment**: Manage overdoses with supportive therapy, including IV fluids and pressors if hypotension occurs. * **Toxicity**: Lethal intravenous doses in mice and rats were 160 mg/kg and 140 mg/kg, respectively.
VetSheet ์ฝ๋ฌผ ๋ ํผ๋ฐ์ค๋ ๋ฉดํ ์์ ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์์ ์์ฌ๊ฒฐ์ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ ๋ฌธ์ ํ๋จ์ด๋ ์ ์กฐ์ฌ์ ์ต์ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์ ๋์ ํ์ง ์์ต๋๋ค.