에포에틴 알파
Epoetin Alfa
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rHuEPO)
다른 이름: Epogen · Procrit · Eprex · NeoRecormon · rHuEPO · epoetin alfa · r-HuEPO-alpha · Epoetin beta · rhEPO · Recombinant human erythropoietin
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease | Initially, 100 Units/kg SC 3 times weekly, until the bottom of the target hematocrit range of 37-45% is attained. Once attained, change to twice weekly. As hematocrit approaches upper target, reduce to once weekly. Maintenance generally 75-100 Units/kg SC 1-2 times weekly. | SC | 3 times weekly initially | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease | Initially, 48.4-145 Units/kg SC three times a week. Most dogs should be started at 97 Units/kg SC 3 times a week. | SC | 3 times a week | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease: A lower initial dosage of 50-100 Units/kg 3 times weekly may be used. Iron supplementation required.
- Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease: Monitor hematocrit weekly until target 37-45% is reached, then decrease to two times weekly. Oral iron supplements recommended.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease | Initially, 100 Units/kg SC 3 times weekly (or 48.4-145 Units/kg SC 3 times a week). | SC | 3 times weekly | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
| Anemia associated with endstage renal disease (PCV <20%) | 75-100 Units/kg SC three times a week until PCV is in the low normal range (35%), then reduce dose and frequency to 50-75 Units/kg two times per week. | SC | 3 times a week initially | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
| Problematic clinical signs and PCV <20% | Initially, 100 Units/kg SC 3 times per week. | SC | 3 times per week | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
- Adjunctive therapy for anemia associated with endstage renal disease: Target hematocrit is 30-40%.
- Anemia associated with endstage renal disease (PCV <20%): Administer iron at start of regime and until appetite is good.
- Problematic clinical signs and PCV <20%: Provide oral supplementation with ferrous sulfate (5-50 mg per cat per day). Reduce to twice per week when target PCV (30-40%) is reached.
소형 포유류
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemia (Rabbits) | 50-150 Units/kg SC every 2-3 days until PVC is normal; then once weekly (q7 days) for at least 4 weeks | SC | every 2-3 days initially | at least 4 weeks maintenance | 🌎 NA |
페렛
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemia | 50-150 Units/kg IM 3 times weekly; may decrease to once weekly if RBC indices are significantly improved | IM | 3 times weekly | Ongoing | 🌎 NA |
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
에포에틴 알파는 재조합 인간 에리스로포이에틴(rHuEPO)으로, 주로 개와 고양이의 만성 신부전과 관련된 비재생성 빈혈을 치료하는 데 사용됩니다. 수의학에서는 자가항체 형성 위험이 높기 때문에(20-70%) 심각한 난치성 빈혈을 유발할 수 있어 일반적으로 '최후의 수단'으로 간주됩니다. 치료 중에는 일반적으로 철분 보충이 필요합니다.
작용 기전
Erythropoietin is an endogenous hormone primarily produced by the kidneys that regulates erythropoiesis.
- Receptor Binding: Epoetin alfa binds to erythropoietin receptors on the surface of committed erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow.
- Proliferation & Differentiation: This binding activates intracellular signaling pathways (such as JAK2/STAT5) → stimulates the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of red cell precursors.
- Reticulocyte Release: It also accelerates the release of reticulocytes from the bone marrow into the systemic circulation, ultimately increasing the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Hypersensitivity to epoetin alfa
- Formation of significant autoantibodies with prior treatment
- Equines (not recommended for use)
부작용
- Autoantibody formation (leading to refractory anemia)
- Systemic hypertension
- Vomiting
- Seizures
- Uveitis
- Iron depletion
- Local reactions at injection sites
- Fever
- Arthralgia
- Mucocutaneous ulcers
- Polycythemia (with chronic overdosage)
주의
Therapy should be started with caution or withheld until corrected in animals with moderate to severe hypertension or iron deficiency.
Autoantibody Risk: Up to 30% of patients may develop antibodies significant enough to cause profound anemia and arrestment of erythropoiesis. A bone marrow aspirate showing a myeloid:erythroid ratio >6 predicts significant autoantibody formation and contraindicates further therapy. Discontinue therapy if polycythemia, fever, anorexia, joint pain, cellulitis, or cutaneous/mucosal ulceration occurs.
약물 상호작용
May increase the sensitivity of erythroid progenitors; safety of this combination is not fully determined.
Concurrent use with EPO can decrease bleeding times.
Has been demonstrated to reduce the renal tubular excretion of EPO; clinical significance remains unclear.
Synergistic/Required; EPO increases demand for iron to synthesize hemoglobin for new RBCs
모니터링
- Hematocrit / PCV (weekly to every other week initially, then every 1-2 months)
- Blood Pressure (at least monthly initially)
- Renal Function Status
- Iron status (serum iron, TIBC)
- RBC indices
약동학
흡수
Absorbed only after parenteral administration.
분포
It is unclear whether the drug crosses the placenta or enters milk.
대사
The drug's metabolic fate is unknown.
배설
In patients with chronic renal failure, half-lives are prolonged approximately 20% over those with normal renal function.
과다투여
Acute overdoses appear to be relatively free of adverse effects. Single doses of up to 1600 Units/kg in humans demonstrated no signs of toxicity.
Chronic overdoses may lead to polycythemia or other adverse effects. Cautious phlebotomy may be employed should polycythemia occur.
제품
제형
- Solution for Injection
인용의약품
- Epoetin Alfa Solution for Injection: 2000 Units/mL, 3000 Units/mL, 4000 Units/mL, 10,000 Units/mL, 20,000 Units/mL and 40,000 Units/mL in single-dose and multidose vials (Epogen®, Procrit®)
규제 현황
POM (Prescription Only Medicine). Approved for human use, used off-label in veterinary medicine.
POM (Prescription Only Medicine). Approved for human use, used off-label in veterinary medicine.
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Store in the refrigerator (2-8°C); do not freeze. Do not shake the solution as denaturation of the protein with resultant loss of activity may occur. Protect from light. Because the solution contains no preservatives, the manufacturer recommends using each vial only as a single use.
보호자 정보
가정에서 주사할 경우 수의료진으로부터 올바른 피하 주사 교육을 받아야 합니다. 냉장 보관(2-8°C)하고 절대 얼리거나 흔들지 마십시오 (흔들면 단백질이 변성됩니다). 치료 중에는 정기적으로 내원하여 PCV, 혈압, 철분 수치를 모니터링해야 합니다. 반려동물이 비정상적으로 피로해하거나, 무기력하거나, 식욕 부진을 보이면 자가항체 형성의 신호일 수 있으므로 즉시 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
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