μν λ―Έλ°μ΄νΈ
μν λ―Έλ°μ΄νΈλ μν¨μ± μ£Όμ¬μ© λΉλ°λ₯΄λΉν¬λ₯΄μ°κ³ λ§μ·¨ μ λμ μ λλ€. μμνμμλ **μ¬νκ΄κ³ μμ μ±**μ΄ λ°μ΄λ μ¬μ₯ κΈ°λ₯ μ₯μ , λλΆ μΈμ λλ μ€μ¦ νμμμ ν°μ€ννμ΄λ νλ‘ν¬ν΄μ λ체ν μ μλ νλ₯ν μ½λ¬Όλ‘ νκ°λ°κ³ μμ΅λλ€. **μ£Όμ μμ νΉμ§:** * **νμνμ μμ μ±:** μ¬λ°μμ νμμ λ―ΈμΉλ μν₯μ΄ μ΅μνλμ΄ μ¬μ₯ μ§νμ΄λ μΌν¬ νμμκ² μ΄μμ μ λλ€. * **μ κ²½νμ μ΄μ :** λνλ₯, λμ°μ μλΉλ λ° λκ°λ΄μμ κ°μμμΌ λλΆ μΈμ νμμκ² μ μ΅ν©λλ€. * **λ΄λΆλΉκ³ μν₯:** μ½λ₯΄ν°μ μμ±μ μ΅μ νλ―λ‘ μ€μ¦ νμμκ²λ μ½λ₯΄ν°μ½μ€ν λ‘μ΄λ λ³΄μΆ©μ΄ νμν μ μμ΅λλ€. * **μ§ν΅ ν¨κ³Ό μμ:** μλ©΄ λ° κΈ°μ΅ μμ€ ν¨κ³Όλ§ μ 곡νλ―λ‘ μ μ ν μ§ν΅μ μ λ°λμ λ³μ©ν΄μΌ ν©λλ€.
μμ© κΈ°μ : While the exact mechanism is not definitively proven, etomidate is known to act primarily as a positive allosteric modulator and direct agonist at the **GABA_A receptor** in the central nervous system. * **Mechanism:** Binds to a specific site on the GABA_A receptor β enhances the affinity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA for the receptor β increases transmembrane chloride conductance β hyperpolarizes the postsynaptic neuron β profound CNS depression and hypnosis. * **Endocrine Mechanism:** Directly inhibits **11-Ξ²-hydroxylase** (and to a lesser extent 17-Ξ±-hydroxylase) in the adrenal cortex β blocks the conversion of 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol β transient adrenal insufficiency.
λλ¬Ό μ’ λ³ μ©λ
- As an induction agent Β· 1 mg/kg IV plus diazepam 0.5 mg/kg IV Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent Β· 1-2 mg/kg rapidly IV Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent Β· 0.5-2 mg/kg IV Β· IV Β· Once Β· Pre-medication is highly recommended to reduce incidence of side effects (myoclonus, vomiting). May be given with a benzodiazepine. Administration of a physiologic dose of dexamethasone or another short-acting glucocorticoid prior to etomidate is suggested.
- As an induction agent in the cardiovascular unstable patient Β· 1-2 mg/kg IV after diazepam (0.5 mg/kg IV) Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent in the cardiovascular unstable patient (Rabbits) Β· 1-2 mg/kg IV after diazepam (0.5 mg/kg IV) Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent Β· 1 mg/kg IV plus diazepam 0.5 mg/kg IV Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent Β· 1-2 mg/kg rapidly IV Β· IV Β· Once
- As an induction agent Β· 0.5-2 mg/kg IV Β· IV Β· Once Β· Pre-medication is highly recommended to reduce incidence of side effects (myoclonus, vomiting). May be given with a benzodiazepine. Administration of a physiologic dose of dexamethasone or another short-acting glucocorticoid prior to etomidate is suggested.
ν¬μ¬ κ²½λ‘
κΈκΈ°
- Known hypersensitivity to etomidate
- Maintenance of anesthesia (due to cumulative adrenal suppression)
- Use as a sole agent for painful procedures (lacks analgesia)
μ΄μλ°μ
- Pain at intravenous injection site
- Myoclonus (skeletal muscle movements)
- Vomiting and post-operative retching
- Eye movements
- Hemolysis (due to propylene glycol carrier)
- Brief hypoventilation and decreased arterial blood pressure
- Apnea, laryngospasm, or hiccups (reported in humans)
μ½λ¬Ό μνΈμμ©
- CNS/Respiratory Depressants (e.g., barbiturates, opiates, anesthetics) Β· Additive pharmacological effects; can increase CNS or respiratory depression.
- Verapamil Β· Associated with potentiating the anesthetic and respiratory depressant effects of etomidate.
λͺ¨λν°λ§
- Level of consciousness
- Respiration rate and depth
- Cardiovascular function (blood pressure, heart rate, ECG)
κ³Όμ©λ
Acute overdoses would be expected to cause enhanced pharmacologic effects of the drug, including profound CNS and respiratory depression. Treatment is supportive (e.g., mechanical ventilation, cardiovascular support) until the effects of the medication are diminished.
VetSheet μ½λ¬Ό λ νΌλ°μ€λ λ©΄ν μμ μ λ¬Έκ°λ₯Ό μν μμ μμ¬κ²°μ 보쑰 λꡬμ΄λ©°, μ λ¬Έμ νλ¨μ΄λ μ μ‘°μ¬μ μ΅μ λΌλ²¨μ λμ νμ§ μμ΅λλ€.