피로콕시브
Firocoxib
3-(cyclopropylmethoxy)-5,5-dimethyl-4-(4-methylsulfonyl) phenylfuran-2(5H)-one
다른 이름: Previcox · Equioxx · ML-1,785,713 · Firocoxibum
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis | 5 mg/kg (2.27 mg/lb) | PO | once daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Pain and inflammation (osteoarthritis, surgery) | 5 mg/kg | PO | q24h | As directed (monitor carefully if >90 days) | 🌍 EU |
- Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis: Dosage should be calculated in half tablet increments and can be administered with or without food.
- Pain and inflammation (osteoarthritis, surgery): Give with or without food. For perioperative pain, give the first dose 2 hours before surgery.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimentally induced pyrexia (Unapproved/Investigational) | 0.75-3 mg/kg | PO | single dose | single dose | 🌎 NA |
| Contraindicated | Do not use | PO | N/A | N/A | 🌍 EU |
- Experimentally induced pyrexia (Unapproved/Investigational): Caution: While firocoxib may ultimately be shown to be safe for use in cats, supporting information (or FDA approval) is not currently available for it to be recommended.
- Contraindicated: Strictly contraindicated in cats.
말
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis | 0.1 mg/kg (0.045 mg/lb) body weight | PO | daily | up to 14 days | 🌎 NA |
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
피로콕시브는 콕시브(coxib) 계열에 속하는 고선택성 비스테로이드성 항염증제(NSAID)입니다.
- 주요 용도: 개와 말의 골관절염과 관련된 통증 및 염증 관리.
- 외과적 용도: 개의 정형외과 수술 후 통증 및 염증 관리.
- 임상적 특징: COX-2 선택적 억제제로서, 비선택적 NSAID에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 위장관 및 신장 부작용을 최소화하면서 강력한 진통 효과를 제공하도록 설계되었습니다. 또한 COX-2를 발현하는 종양에서 잠재적인 항종양 활성을 보여주어 수의 종양학에서 역할을 할 수 있습니다.
작용 기전
Firocoxib exerts its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects by selectively inhibiting the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme.
- Cellular Membrane Phospholipids → Arachidonic Acid → COX-2 → Pro-inflammatory Prostaglandins (e.g., PGE2).
- By blocking this pathway, firocoxib reduces vasodilation, tissue edema, and sensitization of nociceptors.
- COX-1 Sparing: At therapeutic doses, it predominantly spares the COX-1 enzyme, which is constitutively expressed and responsible for synthesizing cytoprotective prostaglandins that maintain gastrointestinal mucosal integrity, renal blood flow, and platelet function.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Hypersensitivity to firocoxib or other NSAIDs
- Active GI ulcerative conditions (relative contraindication)
- Bleeding disorders or thrombocytopenia (relative contraindication)
- Dogs weighing less than 7 lbs
- Puppies less than 7 months old (US labeling) or less than 10 weeks old (UK labeling)
- Horses less than 1 year old
- Breeding, pregnant, or lactating dogs or horses (safety not established)
- Cats
- Dogs < 10 weeks of age or < 3 kg body weight
- Pregnant or lactating bitches
- Dehydrated, hypovolaemic, or hypotensive patients
- Patients with pre-existing gastrointestinal disease or bleeding
- Patients with blood clotting disorders
부작용
- Dogs: Vomiting, decreased appetite/anorexia, diarrhea, melena, GI ulcers, bloody vomiting, GI perforation
- Dogs: Increases in BUN, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and ALT
- Dogs: Depression/lethargy, ataxia
- Horses: Diarrhea/loose stools, mouth ulcers, facial skin lesions, excitation (rare)
- Gastrointestinal signs (vomiting, diarrhea, inappetence)
- Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding
- Renal toxicity (especially during hypotensive states)
- Hepatotoxicity (rare, but liver disease prolongs metabolism)
주의
Important Washout Period: If changing from one NSAID to another, a washout period is required. A 24-hour washout is often recommended between COX-2 selective agents, but 72 hours to 1 week is usually recommended when switching from a non-selective NSAID or aspirin.
- Use with caution and enhanced monitoring in patients with pre-existing renal, hepatic, or cardiovascular dysfunction.
- Use with caution in patients that are dehydrated, hypovolemic, hypotensive, or on concomitant diuretic therapy due to increased risk of renal toxicity.
- Geriatric patients require ongoing monitoring due to naturally reduced renal function.
- Puppy Toxicity: Doses above the recommended 5 mg/kg in puppies less than 7 months old have been associated with serious adverse reactions, including hepatic fatty changes and death.
약물 상호작용
Some NSAIDs can reduce effects on blood pressure
May increase the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (ulceration, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea)
May increase the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity (ulceration, bleeding, vomiting, diarrhea)
NSAIDs may increase serum levels
Administration has increased plasma levels of celecoxib in humans and potentially could also affect firocoxib levels in dogs
NSAIDs may reduce the saluretic and diuretic effects
May displace other highly bound drugs or be displaced by them, potentially increasing serum levels, duration of action, and toxicity
Serious toxicity has occurred when NSAIDs have been used concomitantly; use together with extreme caution
May enhance the risk of nephrotoxicity development
Increased risk of severe gastrointestinal ulceration and renal toxicity. A 3-5 day wash-out period is required.
Synergistic gastrointestinal toxicity leading to severe ulceration or perforation.
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Potential synergistic efficacy in treating transitional cell carcinomas.
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
모니터링
- Baseline and periodic physical exam including clinical efficacy and adverse effect queries
- Baseline and periodic CBC
- Baseline and periodic liver function tests
- Baseline and periodic renal function tests and electrolytes
- Baseline and periodic urinalysis
- Clinical signs of GI toxicity (vomiting, diarrhea, melena, anorexia)
- Renal parameters (BUN, Creatinine, USG) especially in older dogs or long-term use
- Hepatic enzymes (ALT, ALP, Bilirubin) prior to and during long-term therapy
- Hydration status and blood pressure (especially perioperatively)
약동학
반감기
흡수
Dogs: Oral bioavailability is ~38% (chewable tablets). Food delays but does not affect the amount absorbed. Peak levels occur at 1 hour (fasted) or 5 hours (fed). Horses: Oral bioavailability is ~79% (paste). Peak levels occur 4-12 hours post-dose. Cats: Oral bioavailability is ~60% (suspension).
분포
Dogs: Vd is ~3 L/kg; 96% bound to plasma proteins. Horses: Vd is 1.7-2.3 L/kg; 98% bound to plasma proteins. Cats: Vd is 2-3 L/kg.
대사
Dogs: Biotransformation occurs predominantly via dealkylation and glucuronidation in the liver. Horses: Biotransformation occurs primarily via decyclopropylmethylation and then glucuronidation.
배설
Dogs: Elimination is principally in the bile and feces. Horses: Metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine.
과다투여
Limited information is available for acute overdoses in animals. The reported oral LD50 for rats is > 2 grams per kg.
- Management: Should an overdose occur, contacting an animal poison control center or the manufacturer is highly recommended.
- Treatment: Use of gut emptying protocols and supportive treatment (IV fluids, oral sucralfate, GI protectants) may be useful in managing the case.
제품
제형
- Chewable tablets
- Oral paste
- 57 mg oral tablet
- 227 mg oral tablet
동물용의약품
- Firocoxib Chewable Tablets (scored): 57 mg & 227 mg; Previcox (Merial)
- Firocoxib Oral Paste: 0.82% w/w (8.2 mg firocoxib per gram of paste) in a 6.93 gram oral syringe; Equioxx (Merial)
- Previcox 57 mg chewable tablets
- Previcox 227 mg chewable tablets
규제 현황
POM-V classification.
POM-V classification.
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Commercially available tablets and oral paste should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C); brief excursions are permitted up to 40°C (104°F).
보호자 정보
- 투여 방법: 음식과 함께 또는 빈속에 투여할 수 있습니다. 위장 장애가 발생하면 식사와 함께 투여하는 것이 도움이 될 수 있습니다。
- 개의 주의 사항: 구토, 식욕 부진/체중 감소, 설사 또는 묽은 변, 행동이나 활동의 변화, 음수량이나 배뇨량의 변화 또는 눈의 흰자위/점막의 황달이 관찰되면 즉시 투여를 중단하고 수의사에게 연락하십시오。
- 말의 주의 사항: 혀나 구강 내 궤양, 얼굴 피부나 입술의 병변, 설사/묽은 변, 또는 사료/물 섭취량의 변화가 발생하면 수의사에게 연락하십시오。
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안전 경고: 피로콕시브를 복용하는 동안 사람용 진통제(이부프로펜, 타이레놀, 아스피린 등)나 다른 동물용 NSAID를 절대 투여하지 마십시오. 치명적인 위궤양이나 신부전을 유발할 수 있습니다.
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