히알루론산 나트륨

뮤코다당류 / 관절 보호제

히알루론산 나트륨(흔히 히알루론산 또는 HA로 불림)은 결합 조직, 활액, 탯줄 및 눈의 유리체에 풍부하게 존재하는 천연 고점도 뮤코다당류입니다. 수의학에서는 주로 중증의 퇴행성 관절 질환이나 전층 연골 손실을 동반하지 않는 활막염 및 골관절염 관리에 사용됩니다. **주요 임상 포인트:** * **분자량(MW) 차이:** 시판되는 제품은 분자량이 크게 다릅니다. 활막 유착 및 판누스 형성을 피해야 할 때(예: 수술 후 파편 제거) 활막 섬유아세포의 증식을 억제하기 위해 고분자량 제품(>1x10^6)이 선호되는 경우가 많습니다. 저분자량 제품은 일반적으로 더 저렴하며 관절 질환의 징후를 효과적으로 개선할 수 있습니다. * **출처:** 많은 상업용 수의학 HA 제품은 수탉 벼슬에서 추출되지만, 생물학적 발효를 통한 제품도 존재합니다. * **투여:** 주로 관절 내(IA) 또는 정맥 내(IV) 주사를 통해 투여되지만, 경구용 겔 제제도 말의 수술 후 관절 삼출액을 줄이는 데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났습니다.

작용 기전: Hyaluronate sodium provides both mechanical and pharmacological benefits to the diseased joint: * **Mechanical Support:** Restores the viscoelastic properties of synovial fluid, providing a cushioning effect and boundary lubrication for articular cartilage. * **Anti-inflammatory Pathway:** * **Free Radicals** → Scavenged directly by HA molecules, reducing oxidative damage within the joint capsule. * **Prostaglandins** → Synthesis and release are suppressed, mitigating local inflammation and pain. * **Cellular Modulation:** Reduces the influx of inflammatory proteins and leukocytes into the joint space. Interacts with **CD44 receptors** on synoviocytes and macrophages to downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) or corneal ulceration · 1-2 drops per eye · Topical · q4h to q12h (or as needed) · As needed · Frequency depends on the severity of the condition and the viscosity of the product.

Ferrets

Ocular lubrication / corneal ulceration · 1 drop per eye · Topical · q4h to q12h · As needed · Frequency depends on the severity of the condition.

Horses

Osteoarthritis / Synovitis (Hylartin-V, Hyvisc, Hyalovet) · 20 mg · IA · As directed · Check individual product label for specific dosing.
Osteoarthritis / Synovitis (Equron) · 10 mg · IA · As directed · Check individual product label for specific dosing.
Osteoarthritis / Synovitis (Synacid) · 50 mg · IA · As directed · Check individual product label for specific dosing.
Osteoarthritis / Synovitis (Legend) · 40 mg IV or 20 mg IA · IV/IA · As directed · Check individual product label for specific dosing.
Reduce joint effusion post-arthroscopic surgery for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) · 100 mg · PO · once daily · 30 days · Administered as an oral gel (Conquer)

Birds

Ocular lubrication / corneal trauma · 1 drop per eye · Topical · q6h to q12h · As needed · Use with care to avoid stressing the bird during frequent handling.

투여 경로

IAIVPOTopical

금기

Injection through skin that has been recently fired or blistered
Injection through skin with excessive scurf or counterirritants
Use as a substitute for adequate diagnosis (e.g., failing to rule out fractures via radiography)
Hypersensitivity to hyaluronate or any component of the formulation

이상반응

Local joint flare (heat, swelling, and/or effusion) post-injection
Increased incidence of flares when combined with other intra-articular drugs
Mild transient ocular irritation (rare)
Temporary blurred vision immediately after application (especially with higher viscosity gels)

모니터링

Resolution of clinical signs (lameness, joint effusion)
Injection site for signs of local reaction (heat, swelling, pain) within 24-96 hours post-injection
Resolution of clinical signs (e.g., blepharospasm, conjunctival hyperemia)
Corneal ulcer healing via fluorescein staining
Schirmer tear test (STT) for dry eye management

과용량

Acute toxicology studies performed in horses have demonstrated no systemic toxicity associated with overdoses.

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