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투여 경로

금기

• Known hypersensitivity to loratadine or desloratadine
• Use with caution in patients with severe hepatic impairment
• Use with caution in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye)

이상반응

• Mild lethargy or sedation (rare compared to first-generation antihistamines)
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Dry mouth (xerostomia)
• Decreased tear production

약물 상호작용

• Ketoconazole · May inhibit the metabolism of loratadine, increasing plasma concentrations · moderate
• Erythromycin · May inhibit the metabolism of loratadine, increasing plasma concentrations · moderate
• Cimetidine · May inhibit the metabolism of loratadine, increasing plasma concentrations · moderate
• Amiodarone · May increase loratadine levels via CYP inhibition · moderate

모니터링

• Resolution of allergic clinical signs (e.g., reduced pruritus, erythema)
• Adverse gastrointestinal effects
• Tear production (Schirmer Tear Test) if dry eye is suspected

과용량

Loratadine has a wide margin of safety. Massive overdosage may cause tachycardia, somnolence, and headache. **Treatment:** Consists of standard gastrointestinal decontamination (emesis induction, activated charcoal) if ingestion is recent, followed by symptomatic and supportive care. Loratadine is not significantly removed by hemodialysis.