마르보플록사신

동물 종별 용량

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금기

• Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones
• Small and medium breed dogs up to 8 months of age
• Large breed dogs up to 12 months of age
• Giant breed dogs up to 18 months of age
• Cats under 12 months of age
• Food-producing animals (FDA prohibited)
• Cats (do not use 20 mg and 80 mg tablets)
• Dogs < 12 months of age
• Giant-breed dogs < 18 months of age
• Cats < 16 weeks of age

이상반응

• Gastrointestinal distress (vomiting, anorexia, soft stools, diarrhea)
• Decreased activity/lethargy
• Cartilage abnormalities in young, growing animals
• Elevated hepatic enzymes (rare)
• Ataxia, seizures, depression, nervousness (rare)
• Hypersensitivity reactions (rare)
• Crystalluria (rare)
• Potential ocular toxicity/blindness in cats (rare/unproven, but reported)
• Gastrointestinal signs (nausea, vomiting)
• Potential CNS toxicity (seizures)
• Cartilage abnormalities in growing animals
• Potential retinal toxicity/blindness in cats (at high doses)

약물 상호작용

• Antacids / Dairy Products · Cations (Mg++, Al+++, Ca++) may bind to marbofloxacin and prevent its absorption; separate doses by at least 2 hours
• Antibiotics (aminoglycosides, 3rd-gen cephalosporins, extended-spectrum penicillins) · Unpredictable synergism may occur against some bacteria, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Cyclosporine · May exacerbate nephrotoxicity and reduce the metabolism of systemically used cyclosporine
• Flunixin · May increase AUC and elimination half-life of the fluoroquinolone, and vice versa (extrapolated from enrofloxacin)
• Glyburide · Severe hypoglycemia possible
• Iron, Zinc (oral) · Decreased marbofloxacin absorption; separate doses by at least two hours
• Methotrexate · Increased MTX levels possible with resultant toxicity
• Nitrofurantoin · May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use not recommended
• Phenytoin · Marbofloxacin may alter phenytoin levels
• Probenecid · Blocks tubular secretion and may increase blood level and half-life of marbofloxacin
• Quinidine · Increased risk for cardiotoxicity
• Sucralfate · May inhibit absorption of marbofloxacin; separate doses by at least 2 hours · major

모니터링

• Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection)
• Adverse effects (GI distress, CNS signs)
• Joint health/lameness in younger animals (if inadvertently used)
• Clinical efficacy and resolution of infection
• Culture and susceptibility results
• Signs of gastrointestinal upset
• Neurological signs (especially in patients with a history of seizures)
• Vision changes or mydriasis in cats

과용량

Acute overdoses of marbofloxacin are unlikely to result in signs more serious than **anorexia or vomiting**, though other adverse effects (like CNS stimulation) could theoretically occur. * **Chronic Toxicity**: In safety studies, dogs receiving massive overdoses (55 mg/kg per day for 12 days) developed anorexia, vomiting, dehydration, tremors, red skin, facial swelling, lethargy, and weight loss. * **Treatment**: Management of overdose consists of drug withdrawal and symptomatic/supportive care. If ingestion was recent, gastrointestinal decontamination (emesis or activated charcoal) may be considered.