마로피턴트
Maropitant
(2S,3S)-2-benzhydryl-N-(5-tert-butyl-2methoxybenzyl) quinuclidin-3-amine citrate
다른 이름: Cerenia · Prevomax · Vetemex · CJ-11,972 · Maropitant citrate
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention of acute vomiting | 1 mg/kg | SC | q24h | up to 5 consecutive days | 🌎 NA |
| Prevention of acute vomiting | 2 mg/kg | PO | q24h | up to 5 consecutive days | 🌎 NA |
| Treatment of acute vomiting | 1 mg/kg | SC | q24h | up to 5 consecutive days | 🌎 NA |
| Prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness | 8 mg/kg (minimum dose) | PO | q24h | up to 2 consecutive days | 🌎 NA |
| Treatment and prevention of vomiting (including chemotherapy) | Dose not specified in text | PO/SC/IV | Not specified (duration of activity is 24 hours) | Up to 5 days | 🌍 EU |
| Motion sickness | Dose not specified in text | PO/SC/IV | Not specified | Up to 2 days | 🌍 EU |
- Prevention of acute vomiting: Given at least one hour prior to anticipated emetogenic event
- Prevention of acute vomiting: Given at least two hours prior to anticipated emetogenic event
- Treatment of acute vomiting: If a longer duration of therapy is needed, a 48 hour washout period is recommended due to accumulation of the drug.
- Prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness: Given at least two hours prior to travel. If a longer duration of therapy is needed, a 72 hour washout period is recommended.
- Treatment and prevention of vomiting (including chemotherapy): Repeat treatment at a lower dose may be adequate in some individuals. If longer periods of treatment are required, a 72-hour interval is recommended between courses.
- Motion sickness: Not all preparations are specifically licensed for this purpose.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As an antiemetic | 1 mg/kg | SC or PO | Unknown | — | 🌎 NA |
| As an antiemetic | 0.5-1 mg/kg | SC | once daily | up to 5 days | 🌎 NA |
| Treatment of vomiting | Dose not specified in text | SC/IV | Not specified | Not specified | 🌍 EU |
- As an antiemetic: Based on pharmacokinetic study
- Treatment of vomiting: Treatment by injection is recommended for frequent vomiting. Very high doses may cause haemolysis.
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
마로피턴트(Cerenia®)는 개와 고양이의 급성 구토 및 멀미 예방과 치료에 널리 사용되는 강력한 뉴로키닌-1(NK-1) 수용체 길항제입니다. 항구토 효과 외에도 내장 진통 효과가 있으며 세보플루란과 같은 전신 마취제의 요구량을 감소시키는 것으로 알려져 있습니다.
작용 기전
Maropitant exerts its effects by acting as a potent and selective antagonist at the neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors in the central nervous system (specifically the emetic center and chemoreceptor trigger zone).
- Substance P Inhibition: It competitively binds to NK-1 receptors, blocking the binding of Substance P, a key neuropeptide/neurotransmitter involved in the emetic pathway.
- Dual Action: Because Substance P is the final common pathway for vomiting, maropitant effectively suppresses emesis triggered by both central and peripheral stimuli.
- Pain Modulation: Substance P is also heavily involved in nociception; blocking its receptors in the visceral pathways provides significant visceral pain relief.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Puppies less than 11 weeks old (due to risk of bone marrow hypoplasia)
- Suspected gastrointestinal obstruction
- Suspected gastrointestinal perforation
- Use for longer than 48 hours without a definitive diagnosis
부작용
- Pre-travel vomiting (especially at higher motion sickness doses)
- Hypersalivation
- Pain or swelling at the subcutaneous injection site
- Diarrhea
- Anorexia
- Localized injection site reactions (cats)
- Transient pain reaction during injection (very common, especially in cats)
- Haemolysis (at very high doses in cats)
주의
Use with caution in dogs with hepatic dysfunction as maropitant is hepatically metabolized. Use with caution in puppies less than 11 weeks old due to a higher frequency and severity of bone marrow hypoplasia. The safe use of maropitant has not been evaluated in breeding, pregnant, or lactating dogs; use only following a benefit/risk assessment.
약물 상호작용
Use with caution; maropitant is highly protein-bound (99.5%) and could theoretically compete for binding sites, though clinical significance is undetermined.
Maropitant has an affinity for calcium-channels; concurrent use should be avoided.
Maropitant is highly bound to plasma proteins and may compete with other highly bound drugs, potentially altering free drug concentrations.
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (decreased episodes of vomiting)
- Adverse effects (e.g., injection site pain, hypersalivation)
- Resolution of vomiting
- Liver function (in patients with pre-existing hepatic disease)
- Signs of gastrointestinal obstruction or perforation
약동학
반감기
흡수
Rapidly absorbed after PO & SC administration. Bioavailability in dogs: 24% (2 mg/kg PO), 37% (8 mg/kg PO), and 91% (1 mg/kg SC). Feeding status does not affect bioavailability. In cats, bioavailability is ~50% (PO) and 100+% (SC).
분포
Plasma protein binding is very high (99.5%).
대사
Hepatic metabolism involves two cytochrome P450 enzymes: CYP2D15 (low capacity, high affinity) and CYP3A12 (high capacity, low affinity). The major pharmacologically active metabolite is CJ-18,518.
배설
Eliminated primarily by the liver. Urinary recovery of maropitant and its major metabolite is minimal (<1%).
과다투여
Maropitant has a wide margin of safety.
- Dogs: Tolerance has been confirmed at doses up to 3 times the recommended oral dose (8 mg/kg) for 3 times longer than the maximum duration.
- High-Dose Toxicity (20 mg/kg/day in dogs): Can cause emesis, significant body weight loss (8-15%), ECG changes (slight increases in P-R interval, P wave duration, and QRS amplitude), slightly lower serum albumin, and increased adrenal weights.
- Rodent Studies: Doses up to 30-100 mg/kg PO caused decreased activity, irregular/labored respiration, ataxia, and tremors.
제품
제형
- Oral tablets
- 10 mg/ml injectable solution
- 16 mg oral tablet
- 24 mg oral tablet
- 160 mg oral tablet
동물용의약품
- Maropitant Citrate Injectable Solution: 10 mg/mL in 20 mL multidose vials (Cerenia®)
- Maropitant Citrate Oral Tablets: 16 mg, 24 mg, 60 mg, and 160 mg in blister packs (Cerenia®)
- Cerenia 10 mg/ml solution for injection
- Cerenia 16 mg, 24 mg, 60 mg, 160 mg tablets
- Prevomax 10 mg/ml solution for injection
- Vetemex 10 mg/ml solution for injection
규제 현황
POM-V classification
POM-V classification
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Injectable solution: Store at controlled room temperature 20-25°C (68-77°F). Must be used within 28 days of first vial puncture. Tablets: Packaged in foil to protect from moisture uptake; keep in blister packs until use. Halved tablets show no loss of potency for 48 hours.
보호자 정보
- 투약 팁: 알약이 녹는 것을 지연시킬 수 있으므로 알약을 음식이나 간식에 단단히 싸거나 파묻지 마십시오.
- 식이 권장사항: 투약 전 장기간의 금식은 피하십시오.
- 멀미 예방: 멀미약 투여 1시간 전에 소량의 식사나 간식을 먹이면 투약 후 출발 전 구토 발생을 최소화할 수 있습니다.
- 주사 부위: 피하 주사 시 일시적인 통증이나 부기가 발생할 수 있습니다.
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