마로피턴트

뉴로키닌-1(NK1) 수용체 길항제 / 항구토제

마로피턴트(Cerenia®)는 개와 고양이의 급성 구토 및 멀미 예방과 치료에 널리 사용되는 강력한 **뉴로키닌-1(NK-1) 수용체 길항제**입니다. 항구토 효과 외에도 **내장 진통** 효과가 있으며 세보플루란과 같은 전신 마취제의 요구량을 감소시키는 것으로 알려져 있습니다.

작용 기전: Maropitant exerts its effects by acting as a potent and selective antagonist at the **neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors** in the central nervous system (specifically the emetic center and chemoreceptor trigger zone). * **Substance P Inhibition**: It competitively binds to NK-1 receptors, blocking the binding of **Substance P**, a key neuropeptide/neurotransmitter involved in the emetic pathway. * **Dual Action**: Because Substance P is the final common pathway for vomiting, maropitant effectively suppresses emesis triggered by both **central** and **peripheral** stimuli. * **Pain Modulation**: Substance P is also heavily involved in nociception; blocking its receptors in the visceral pathways provides significant visceral pain relief.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

As an antiemetic · 1 mg/kg · SC or PO · Unknown · Based on pharmacokinetic study
As an antiemetic · 0.5-1 mg/kg · SC · once daily · up to 5 days
Treatment of vomiting · Dose not specified in text · SC/IV · Not specified · Not specified · Treatment by injection is recommended for frequent vomiting. Very high doses may cause haemolysis.

Dogs

Prevention of acute vomiting · 1 mg/kg · SC · q24h · up to 5 consecutive days · Given at least one hour prior to anticipated emetogenic event
Prevention of acute vomiting · 2 mg/kg · PO · q24h · up to 5 consecutive days · Given at least two hours prior to anticipated emetogenic event
Treatment of acute vomiting · 1 mg/kg · SC · q24h · up to 5 consecutive days · If a longer duration of therapy is needed, a 48 hour washout period is recommended due to accumulation of the drug.
Prevention of vomiting due to motion sickness · 8 mg/kg (minimum dose) · PO · q24h · up to 2 consecutive days · Given at least two hours prior to travel. If a longer duration of therapy is needed, a 72 hour washout period is recommended.
Treatment and prevention of vomiting (including chemotherapy) · Dose not specified in text · PO/SC/IV · Not specified (duration of activity is 24 hours) · Up to 5 days · Repeat treatment at a lower dose may be adequate in some individuals. If longer periods of treatment are required, a 72-hour interval is recommended between courses.
Motion sickness · Dose not specified in text · PO/SC/IV · Not specified · Up to 2 days · Not all preparations are specifically licensed for this purpose.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

SCPOIV

금기

Puppies less than 11 weeks old (due to risk of bone marrow hypoplasia)
Suspected gastrointestinal obstruction
Suspected gastrointestinal perforation
Use for longer than 48 hours without a definitive diagnosis

이상반응

Pre-travel vomiting (especially at higher motion sickness doses)
Hypersalivation
Pain or swelling at the subcutaneous injection site
Diarrhea
Anorexia
Localized injection site reactions (cats)
Transient pain reaction during injection (very common, especially in cats)
Haemolysis (at very high doses in cats)

약물 상호작용

Highly protein-bound medications · Use with caution; maropitant is highly protein-bound (99.5%) and could theoretically compete for binding sites, though clinical significance is undetermined.
Calcium-channel antagonists · Maropitant has an affinity for calcium-channels; concurrent use should be avoided. · major
Highly protein-bound drugs · Maropitant is highly bound to plasma proteins and may compete with other highly bound drugs, potentially altering free drug concentrations. · moderate

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (decreased episodes of vomiting)
Adverse effects (e.g., injection site pain, hypersalivation)
Resolution of vomiting
Liver function (in patients with pre-existing hepatic disease)
Signs of gastrointestinal obstruction or perforation

과용량

Maropitant has a wide margin of safety. * **Dogs**: Tolerance has been confirmed at doses up to 3 times the recommended oral dose (8 mg/kg) for 3 times longer than the maximum duration. * **High-Dose Toxicity (20 mg/kg/day in dogs)**: Can cause emesis, significant body weight loss (8-15%), ECG changes (slight increases in P-R interval, P wave duration, and QRS amplitude), slightly lower serum albumin, and increased adrenal weights. * **Rodent Studies**: Doses up to 30-100 mg/kg PO caused decreased activity, irregular/labored respiration, ataxia, and tremors.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.