멜라토닌

호르몬

멜라토닌은 송과선에서 분비되는 천연 호르몬으로 수면-각성 주기를 조절합니다. 수의학에서는 주로 개의 탈모증(탈모증 X 등), 개와 고양이의 수면 및 행동 장애, 페럿의 부신 질환 보조 치료에 사용됩니다.

작용 기전: Melatonin is involved in the neuroendocrine control of photoperiod-dependent molting, hair growth, and pelage color. * **Hair Growth:** It stimulates winter coat growth; spring shedding occurs when melatonin levels decrease. The exact mechanism is unknown but may involve direct effects on the hair follicle or alteration of **prolactin** and/or **melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)** secretion. * **Endocrine Effects:** Increases serum prolactin and growth hormone levels, and enhances the response to growth hormone-releasing hormone. Long-term use may decrease **luteinizing hormone (LH)**. * **Antioxidant:** Acts as a potent free radical scavenger.

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Sleep disorders (nocturnal activity) · 3-12 mg (total dose) · PO · q12-24h
Suppression of estrus · 18 mg implant · SC · Once · Suppresses estrus for 2-4 months

Swine

Reduction of gastric ulcers in young pigs · 5 mg/kg in feed · PO · Continuous in feed

Ferrets

Adjunctive treatment of adrenal disease · 0.5-1 mg per ferret · PO · q24h (7-9 hours after sunrise) · Can also use 5.4 mg implant which releases over 3-4 months. Better response in fall/winter.
Adjunctive treatment of adrenal disease · 1-2 mg per ferret · PO · q24h · Or use 5.4 mg implant. May cause excessive drowsiness in ferrets under 600 grams.

Dogs

Alopecia-X, canine pattern baldness, or recurrent flank alopecia (experimental) · One to four 12 mg implants SC. Retreatment may be necessary once or twice a year. Alternatively, 3-6 mg PO q8-12h. · SC/PO · q8-12h (PO) or 1-2 times/year (SC) · Recommend having owners sign a release form noting the 'experimental' nature of treatment.
Canine recurrent flank alopecia or seasonal flank alopecia · 2-3 mg per dog (up to 10 mg used) · PO · q24h for 3-5 days weekly or monthly, or daily · Improvement usually seen in 1 month, maximal in 3 months
Alopecia X · 3-6 mg (total dose) · PO · 2-3 times a day · 3 months · Neutering recommended initially. Treat until maximal response is noted and discontinue. Re-institute if signs recur.
Color dilution alopecia · 1.5-6 mg · PO · 2-3 times a day · Stop when good re-growth occurs
Alopecia-X · 3 mg-12 mg (depending on size) · PO · 2 to 3 times a day · At least 4 months
Sleep disorders (nocturnal activity) · 3-6 mg (total dose) · PO · q12-24h
Sleep aid, fears, and phobias · 0.1 mg/kg · PO · q8h
Idiopathic vacuolar hepatopathy · 4-6 mg/day (total dose for dogs <= 15 kg) · PO · q24h · May improve liver enzymes and hepatic changes.
Hair cycling disorders (e.g., Alopecia X, seasonal flank alopecia) · 3-6 mg · PO · q8h · 4-6 week trial · If no growth is noted after 4-6 weeks, discontinue. May need repeating next year for seasonal flank alopecia.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

POSC

금기

Pregnancy
Sexually immature animals
Hepatic insufficiency (in humans)
No information available

이상반응

Sedation or drowsiness
Altered sex hormone secretion and fertility
Sterile abscesses at subcutaneous implant sites
No information available in monograph (generally well tolerated, may cause mild sedation)

약물 상호작용

Benzodiazepines · Melatonin may potentiate sedative effects
Succinylcholine · Melatonin may potentiate neuromuscular blocking effects

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (e.g., hair regrowth, improved sleep patterns)
Hair regrowth (evaluate after 4-6 weeks of therapy)

과용량

Little information is available; it is unlikely to cause significant morbidity after a single overdose. Treat symptomatically if profound sedation occurs.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.