메티오닌

요산성화제 / 영양 보충제

**메티오닌(Methionine)**은 황을 함유한 필수 아미노산으로, 수의학에서는 주로 **요산성화제** 및 영양 보충제로 사용됩니다. * **요산성화:** 소변의 pH를 낮추어 **스트루바이트(마그네슘 암모늄 포스페이트) 요석**을 용해하고 예방하는 데 역사적으로 사용되었습니다. * **임상 팁:** 소동물 임상에서는 추가적인 보충 없이도 소변 pH를 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 전문 처방식(예: s/d, c/d)으로 그 용도가 대부분 대체되었습니다. * **지방간 예방:** 콜린 결핍 상태에서 지방간을 예방하거나 교정하는 항지방간제로 작용합니다. * **대동물에서의 사용:** 돼지와 가금류의 영양 보충제, 소의 케톤증 치료, 그리고 말과 소의 제엽염(발굽과 발굽뼈 결합을 유지하기 위한 이황화 결합 기질을 제공한다는 이론) 치료에 권장되기도 하지만, 제엽염에 대한 명확한 효능 증거는 부족합니다.

작용 기전: Methionine exerts its effects through several metabolic pathways: * **Urine Acidification:** Methionine is metabolized in the liver, where its sulfur component is oxidized to **sulfate**. This sulfate is excreted by the kidneys as **sulfuric acid** → effectively lowering urine pH. * **Lipotropic Action:** Methionine supplies methyl groups to **ethanolamine** → forms **choline**, which is essential for lipid transport and metabolism in the liver, preventing hepatic lipidosis. * **Antioxidant & Structural Precursor:** Two molecules of methionine convert to one molecule of **cysteine**, a critical precursor for **glutathione** (a major endogenous antioxidant) and essential for disulfide bond formation in structural proteins (like keratin in hooves).

동물 종별 용량

Cats

Urine acidification · 1000-1500 mg per day given in the food once daily · PO · q24h · Use if diet and antimicrobials do not reduce pH.
Urine acidification · 0.2-1 gram PO once daily · PO · q24h

Cattle

General / Ketosis · 20-30 grams PO · PO

Horses

Laminitis (purported) · 22 mg/kg PO once daily for one week; then 11 mg/kg PO once daily for 1 week; then 5.5 mg/kg PO once daily for one week · PO · q24h · 3 weeks
Senecio-induced liver damage · 12.5 grams IV in one liter saline/dextrose solution · IV · Once

Dogs

Urine acidification (struvite dissolution) · 100 mg/kg PO q12h · PO · q12h · Safe and effective in dissolving presumed infection-induced struvite uroliths in combination with an appropriate anti-microbial agent without using a struvite dissolution diet.
Struvite dissolution therapy (if diet and antimicrobials do not result in acid urine) · 0.2-1 gram PO q8h · PO · q8h

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

POIVtopical

금기

Renal failure
Pancreatic disease
Hepatic insufficiency
Preexisting acidosis
Oxalate or urate calculi
Kittens
Pre-existing metabolic acidosis
Severe liver disease or hepatic encephalopathy
Urate, cystine, or calcium oxalate urolithiasis
Young growing animals
Pregnant or nursing animals

이상반응

Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting)
Heinz-body hemolytic anemia (especially in cats)
Methemoglobinemia
Ataxia
Cyanosis
Metabolic acidosis
Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
Heinz body anemia (especially in cats at high doses)
Worsening of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver disease

약물 상호작용

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, amikacin) · Urine acidification may diminish the effectiveness of aminoglycosides in treating bacterial urinary tract infections, as they are more effective in an alkaline medium.
Erythromycin · Urine acidification may diminish the effectiveness of erythromycin in treating bacterial urinary tract infections.
Quinidine · Urine acidification may increase the renal excretion of quinidine, potentially lowering its systemic levels.
Other urinary acidifiers (e.g., ammonium chloride) · Additive acidification leading to severe metabolic acidosis · major
Urinary acidifying diets · Excessive lowering of urine pH and increased risk of metabolic acidosis · major

모니터링

Urine pH (goal of therapy is typically ≤6.5)
Blood pH (if signs of toxicity or metabolic acidosis are present)
CBC in cats (if exhibiting signs of toxicity, to check for Heinz-body anemia)
Urine pH
Complete Blood Count (CBC) to monitor for Heinz bodies, especially in cats
Acid-base status (blood gases) if overdosage is suspected
Liver function

과용량

**Feline Toxicity:** Cats are particularly sensitive to methionine overdose. * When administered at a dose of 2 grams orally per day to mature cats, it caused **anorexia, methemoglobinemia, Heinz body formation (with resultant hemolytic anemia), ataxia, and cyanosis**. * **Kittens:** Methionine may be highly toxic to kittens who consume other cats' food to which methionine has been added. **General Toxicity:** Metabolic acidosis can occur with overdoses in any species, particularly when used in combination with an acidifying diet. No specific information was located on the treatment of methionine overdosage; treatment should be symptomatic and supportive (e.g., correcting acid-base imbalances).

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.