미코나졸

항진균제 - 이미다졸계

미코나졸은 광범위 **이미다졸계 항진균제**로, 주로 **피부사상균증**(백선) 및 **말라세지아 피부염**을 포함한 진균성 피부 및 귀 감염의 국소 치료에 사용됩니다. 외이염 및 농피증 치료 시 시너지 효과를 제공하기 위해 다른 약제(예: 클로르헥시딘, 코르티코스테로이드 또는 항생제)와 함께 배합되는 경우가 많습니다. > **임상 팁:** 국소적으로는 매우 효과적이지만, 잠재적인 독성과 이트라코나졸이나 플루코나졸과 같은 더 안전한 전신 대체제의 존재로 인해 수의학에서 미코나졸을 전신적으로 사용하는 경우는 드뭅니다.

작용 기전: Miconazole works by inhibiting the **cytochrome P450-dependent enzyme 14-alpha-demethylase** in fungal cells. Inhibition of 14-alpha-demethylase → depletion of **ergosterol** (a vital component of the fungal cell membrane) → accumulation of toxic sterol precursors → increased cell wall permeability → leakage of cellular contents and subsequent fungal cell death. It has potent activity against *Malassezia*, *Cryptococcus*, *Candida*, and *Coccidioides*.

동물 종별 용량

Dogs

Fungal otitis · 2-12 drops in affected ear · topical · q12-24h · Surolan formulation
Fungal otitis · 1 ml per ear · topical · q24h · 5 days · Easotic formulation
Fungal otitis · 5 drops in affected ear · topical · q12h · Aurimic formulation
Dermatophytosis · Apply a thin layer of cream topically to affected area · topical · bid · Continue for 2 weeks after a clinical cure and negative fungal cultures · Daktarin formulation
Malassezia dermatitis · Shampoo twice weekly until the clinical signs subside and weekly thereafter or as necessary · topical · twice weekly · Until clinical signs subside, then weekly · Malaseb, Adaxio formulations
Small localized skin infections · Apply a few drops to affected skin · topical · q12h · Aurimic formulation

Cats

Fungal otitis · 2-12 drops in affected ear · topical · q12-24h · Surolan formulation
Fungal otitis · 1 ml per ear · topical · q24h · 5 days · Easotic formulation
Fungal otitis · 5 drops in affected ear · topical · q12h · Aurimic formulation
Dermatophytosis · Apply a thin layer of cream topically to affected area · topical · bid · Continue for 2 weeks after a clinical cure and negative fungal cultures · Daktarin formulation
Dermatophytosis (generalized) · Shampoo twice weekly · topical · twice weekly · Concurrent systemic itraconazole administration is required
Malassezia dermatitis · Shampoo twice weekly until the clinical signs subside and weekly thereafter or as necessary · topical · twice weekly · Until clinical signs subside, then weekly · Malaseb, Adaxio formulations
Small localized skin infections · Apply a few drops to affected skin · topical · q12h · Aurimic formulation

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

Topical

금기

Hypersensitivity to miconazole or other azole antifungals
Ruptured tympanic membrane (for certain otic preparations)

이상반응

Local irritation
Erythema
Pruritus (rare)

모니터링

Resolution of clinical signs (pruritus, erythema, scaling)
Fungal cultures (for dermatophytosis)
Cytology (for Malassezia)

과용량

Overdose is highly unlikely with topical administration. Accidental ingestion of shampoos or creams may cause mild gastrointestinal upset (hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea). Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.