페니실린 V 칼륨
Penicillin V Potassium
Phenoxymethylpenicillin potassium
다른 이름: Veetids · fenoximetilpenicilina · penicillin phenoxymethyl · phenomycilline · phenoxymethylpenicillinum
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 5.5-11 mg/kg | PO | q6-8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Soft tissue infections | 10 mg/kg | PO | q8h | 7 days | 🌎 NA |
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 5.5-11 mg/kg | PO | q6-8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Soft tissue infections | 10 mg/kg | PO | q8h | 7 days | 🌎 NA |
말
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections | 110,000 U/kg (68.75 mg/kg) | PO | q8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Susceptible infections | 110,000 U/kg | PO | q6-12h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections: May yield supra-optimal levels against uncomplicated infections by sensitive organisms
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
페니실린 V 칼륨은 천연 협소 스펙트럼 베타락탐계 항생제입니다. 페니실린 G에 비해 위산에 대한 저항성이 강하여 단위동물에서 경구 투여 시 흡수율이 더 좋습니다.
작용 기전
Penicillin V is a time-dependent, bactericidal antibiotic.
It works by targeting the bacterial cell wall:
- Binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) (such as transpeptidases and carboxypeptidases) located inside the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.
- Inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by preventing the cross-linking of peptidoglycan strands.
- This leads to a defective, osmotically unstable cell wall (spheroplast) → cell lysis and death.
Note: Like all beta-lactams, it is only effective against actively growing and dividing bacteria.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Known hypersensitivity to penicillins
- Oral administration in patients with septicemia, shock, or grave illness (due to delayed/diminished GI absorption)
- Use in sensitive species (snakes, birds, turtles, guinea pigs, chinchillas) without extreme caution
부작용
- GI effects (anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Hypersensitivity reactions (rashes, fever, eosinophilia, anaphylaxis)
- Antibiotic-associated diarrhea and superinfections (due to altered gut flora)
- Neurotoxicity (e.g., ataxia in dogs) at very high doses
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Tachypnea, dyspnea, edema, and tachycardia (reported in dogs)
주의
Use with caution in patients with documented hypersensitivity to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems) due to potential cross-reactivity. High doses of potassium salts can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly in small animals with preexisting renal disease, congestive heart failure, or electrolyte abnormalities. Safe use during pregnancy is not firmly established (FDA Category B), and it is excreted in maternal milk, which could cause diarrhea or candidiasis in nursing offspring.
약물 상호작용
In vitro synergism against certain bacteria; however, mixing them in the same syringe or fluid line can cause physical inactivation of the aminoglycoside.
May antagonize the bactericidal activity of penicillins, which require actively dividing bacteria to be effective.
Penicillins may decrease the renal elimination of methotrexate, potentially increasing its toxicity.
Competitively blocks the renal tubular secretion of penicillins, significantly increasing their serum levels and half-lives.
모니터링
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection signs)
- Adverse GI effects
- Signs of hypersensitivity or allergic reaction
약동학
반감기
흡수
Significantly more resistant to acid-catalyzed inactivation in the gut compared to Penicillin G. Oral bioavailability is 60-73% in humans, but only 30% in calves. In dogs, food decreases the rate and extent of absorption.
분포
Distributes widely into tissues. Bound to plasma proteins to a larger extent than Penicillin G (approximately 80%). Crosses the placenta and is excreted in maternal milk.
대사
Minimal hepatic metabolism.
배설
Excreted rapidly in the urine via the kidneys (tubular secretion and glomerular filtration).
과다투여
Acute oral overdoses are unlikely to cause significant problems other than gastrointestinal distress (vomiting, diarrhea). In humans, massive overdoses of parenteral penicillins (especially in patients with renal impairment) have induced CNS effects and seizures. Treatment is supportive.
제품
제형
- Tablets
- Powder for oral solution
인용의약품
- Penicillin V Potassium Tablets: 250 mg & 500 mg (Veetids, generic)
- Penicillin V Potassium Powder for Oral Solution: 25 mg/mL & 50 mg/mL in 100 mL & 200 mL (Veetids, generic)
규제 현황
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Tablets and powder for oral solution should be stored in tight containers at room temperature (15-30°C). After reconstitution, the oral solution must be stored in the refrigerator (2-8°C) and any unused portion discarded after 14 days.
보호자 정보
이 약은 공복(식전 1시간 또는 식후 2시간)에 투여하십시오. 액상 현탁액인 경우 냉장 보관하고 14일이 지난 후에는 남은 약을 폐기하십시오. 심한 설사나 알레르기 반응이 나타나면 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.