페닐부타존
Phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone (synthetic pyrazolone derivative)
다른 이름: Butazolidin · Phenylbute · butadiene · fenilbutazona · phenylbutazonum
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General inflammation/pain | 14 mg/kg | PO | three times daily initially | — | 🌎 NA |
| General inflammation/pain | 15-22 mg/kg | PO | q12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Analgesia | 1-5 mg/kg | PO | q8h | — | 🌎 NA |
- General inflammation/pain: Maximum of 800 mg/day regardless of weight; titrate dose to lowest effective dose. Rarely used today.
말
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To reduce pain or pyrexia associated with pleuropneumonia | 2.2-4.4 mg/kg | PO or IV | q12h | first week of treatment or longer | 🌎 NA |
| General musculoskeletal inflammation | 1-2 grams per 454 kg (1000 lb.) horse IV, or 2-4 grams per 454 kg (1000 lb.) horse PO | IV or PO | daily | Limit IV administration to no more than 5 successive days | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of colic (to reduce endotoxic effects) | 2.2 mg/kg | PO or IV | twice daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Adjunctive treatment of laminitis | Initial dose of 4 grams, immediately decreased to 1 to 1.5 grams | PO or IV | twice daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Osteoarthritis | 2.2 mg/kg | PO | twice daily | — | 🌎 NA |
- General musculoskeletal inflammation: Do not exceed 4 grams/day. Use high end of dosage range initially, then titrate to lowest effective dose. Injection must be made slowly and with care.
- Adjunctive treatment of laminitis: Dose for an average adult-sized horse. Lower dose is used to keep the horse comfortable, but not relieve pain to the extent the horse moves around excessively.
- Osteoarthritis: Minimal dose to control pain.
소
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General inflammation/pain | 4-8 mg/kg PO or 2-5 mg/kg IV | PO or IV | — | — | 🌎 NA |
| General inflammation/pain | 10-20 mg/kg PO, then 2.5-5 mg/kg q24h or 10 mg/kg every 48 hours PO | PO | q24h or q48h | — | 🌎 NA |
- General inflammation/pain: Extralabel use prohibited in female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older.
- General inflammation/pain: Extralabel use prohibited in female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older.
돼지
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General inflammation/pain | 4 mg/kg | IV or PO | q24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| General inflammation/pain | 4-8 mg/kg PO or 2-5 mg/kg IV | PO or IV | — | — | 🌎 NA |
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
페닐부타존(일반적으로 "bute"로 알려짐)은 피라졸론 계열의 고전적인 비선택적 비스테로이드성 항염증제(NSAID)입니다.
임상 요점: 역사적으로 강력한 진통, 항염, 해열 효과를 위해 여러 동물 종에 사용되었으나, 현대 수의학에서는 그 사용이 거의 전적으로 말 임상에서 근골격계 통증(예: 제엽염, 골관절염)을 관리하는 데 국한되어 있습니다.
소동물(개와 고양이)에서는 혈액 질환, 간독성 및 심각한 위장관 궤양을 포함한 심각한 부작용의 위험이 높기 때문에 카프로펜이나 멜록시캄과 같은 더 안전한 COX-2 선택적 NSAID로 대체되었습니다. 인간에 대한 골수 독성(재생불량성 빈혈) 우려로 인해 식용 동물에서의 사용은 엄격히 규제됩니다.
작용 기전
Phenylbutazone acts primarily by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (both COX-1 and COX-2), which prevents the conversion of arachidonic acid → prostaglandins and thromboxanes.
- ↓ Prostaglandins → Reduced inflammation, analgesia, and antipyresis.
- ↓ Thromboxane A2 → Decreased platelet aggregation.
Pharmacological Note: Phenylbutazone is metabolized in the liver to oxyphenbutazone, an active metabolite that contributes significantly to its prolonged efficacy (often >24 hours) despite a relatively short plasma half-life. The irreversible binding of phenylbutazone to cyclooxygenase also extends its duration of action. It also possesses mild uricosuric properties.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Known hypersensitivity to phenylbutazone or other NSAIDs
- History of or preexisting hematologic or bone marrow abnormalities
- Preexisting gastrointestinal ulcers
- Food-producing animals (especially female dairy cattle 20 months of age or older)
- Lactating dairy cattle
- Pre-existing gastrointestinal ulceration
- Renal impairment
- Hepatic impairment
- Hematological disorders
- Use in food-producing animals (banned in many jurisdictions)
부작용
- Gastrointestinal and oral erosions/ulcers
- Hypoalbuminemia (especially in foals/ponies)
- Renal papillary necrosis and azotemia
- Sodium and water retention (edema)
- Blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia)
- Hepatotoxicity
- Severe tissue necrosis and sloughing (if injected IM or SC)
- CNS stimulation and seizures (if injected intracarotid)
- Gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding
- Bone marrow suppression (aplastic anemia, leukopenia)
주의
Use with extreme caution in foals and ponies due to increased incidence of hypoproteinemia and GI ulceration. Avoid in horses with known or suspected Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS). Use cautiously in animals with preexisting renal disease or congestive heart failure (CHF) due to potential for sodium/water retention and decreased renal blood flow. May mask clinical signs of lameness in horses. WARNING: Do not administer injectable preparations IM or SC as it is highly irritating and causes necrosis/sloughing. Intracarotid injections may cause CNS stimulation and seizures.
약물 상호작용
Phenylbutazone may antagonize the increased renal blood flow effects caused by furosemide.
Concurrent administration may increase the chances of hepatotoxicity developing.
Concurrent use increases the potential for adverse GI and renal reactions. (Note: 'Stacking' with ketoprofen shows synergistic toxicity).
May increase the risk of hematologic and/or renal adverse reactions.
Phenylbutazone may increase the plasma half-life of penicillin G.
Phenylbutazone could potentially displace sulfonamides from plasma proteins, increasing the risk for adverse effects.
Phenylbutazone could potentially displace warfarin from plasma proteins, increasing the risk for bleeding.
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and renal toxicity
Displacement from plasma proteins leading to increased free drug concentrations
모니터링
- Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic efficacy
- Complete blood counts (CBC) with chronic therapy (weekly early in therapy, biweekly later)
- Urinalysis and renal function parameters (serum creatinine/BUN) with chronic therapy
- Plasma protein determinations (especially in ponies, foals, and debilitated animals)
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Renal function (BUN, Creatinine)
- Liver enzymes
- Clinical signs of GI bleeding (melena)
약동학
반감기
흡수
Absorbed from both the stomach and small intestine following oral administration.
분포
Distributed throughout the body with highest levels attained in the liver, heart, lungs, kidneys, and blood. Plasma protein binding in horses exceeds 99%. Crosses the placenta and is excreted into milk.
대사
Nearly completely metabolized in the liver, primarily to oxyphenbutazone (active) and gamma-hydroxyphenylbutazone.
배설
Excreted primarily in the urine. More rapidly excreted into alkaline than acidic urine. Oxyphenbutazone can be detected in horse urine up to 48 hours after a single dose.
과다투여
Manifestations of acute overdosage include prompt respiratory or metabolic acidosis with compensatory hyperventilation, seizures, coma, and acute hypotensive crisis.
- Systemic Effects: Clinical signs of renal failure (oliguric, proteinuria, hematuria), liver injury (hepatomegaly, jaundice), bone marrow depression, and severe GI ulceration/perforation may develop.
- Dogs: Common signs include ataxia, seizures, tachycardia, trembling, tremors, vomiting, and tachypnea. Oral LD50 is 332 mg/kg.
- Horses: Common signs include colic, anorexia, and ataxia.
Treatment: Standard overdose procedures should be followed (e.g., empty gut following oral ingestion). Institute supportive treatment as necessary. Intravenous diazepam can be used to help control seizures. Monitor fluid therapy carefully, as phenylbutazone may cause fluid retention.
제품
제형
- Tablets
- Oral powder
- Oral paste
- Injection
- 100 mg tablet
- 200 mg tablet
동물용의약품
- Phenylbutazone Tablets: 100 mg, 200 mg, 1 gram
- Phenylbutazone Oral Powder: 1 gram in 10 grams of powder
- Phenylbutazone Paste Oral Syringes: 6 grams or 12 grams/syringe
- Phenylbutazone Injection: 200 mg/mL in 100 mL vials
- 100 mg tablets (Currently unavailable)
- 200 mg tablets (Currently unavailable)
규제 현황
POM. Licensed forms for small animals are currently unavailable. Prohibited in food-producing animals.
POM-V. Licensed forms for small animals are currently unavailable. Prohibited in food-producing animals.
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Oral products should be stored in tight, child-resistant containers if possible. The injectable product should be stored in a cool place (46-56° F) or kept refrigerated.
보호자 정보
말 보호자를 위한 안내:
- "Bute"는 뼈와 관절 통증 관리에 매우 효과적입니다. 반드시 수의사의 처방대로 정확하게 투여하십시오.
-
중대한 경고: 액상 주사제를 근육 내(IM) 또는 피하(SC)로 절대 투여하지 마십시오. 반드시 전문가에 의해 정맥 내(IV)로만 투여되어야 합니다. 잘못 주사할 경우 심각한 조직 괴사와 탈락을 유발합니다.
- 위궤양이나 신장 문제의 징후(식욕 부진, 설사, 산통 징후, 또는 다리/복부 부종)가 있는지 주의 깊게 관찰하십시오. 이러한 증상이 나타나면 투약을 중단하고 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
반려견 보호자를 위한 안내:
- 더 안전한 대체 약물이 있기 때문에 오늘날 개에게 이 약을 사용하는 경우는 드뭅니다. 만약 처방받았다면, 구토, 검고 끈적이는 변, 또는 무기력증이 있는지 매우 주의 깊게 관찰하고, 이러한 증상이 발생하면 즉시 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
식용 동물 제한 사항:
- FDA는 20개월령 이상의 암컷 젖소에 대한 사용을 엄격히 금지하고 있습니다.
- 육우에 허가 외로 사용할 경우 엄격한 휴약 기간이 적용됩니다(예: 1회 투여 = 30일, 2회 투여 = 35일). 수의사와 상담하십시오.
VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.