VetSheet

페닐프로판올아민

Phenylpropanolamine

Phenylpropanolamine HCl

교감신경 흥분제PO개고양이

다른 이름: Proin · Propalin · Cystolamine · Uricon · Uriflex-PT · Urilin · PPA · dl-norephedrine · Diphenylpyraline

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

12.5-50 mg (total dose) or 1-2 mg/kg PO q8hPO· q8h
— 🐕

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

개

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Urethral sphincter hypotonus12.5-50 mg (total dose) or 1-2 mg/kg PO q8hPOq8h—🌎 NA
Urethral sphincter hypotonusDogs weighing less than 40 lbs: ½ capsule PO daily. Dogs 40-100 lbs: 1 capsule PO daily. Dogs weighing >100 lbs: 1.5 capsules PO per day.POq24h—🌎 NA
Urethral sphincter hypotonus1-1.5 mg/kg PO two to three times a dayPOq8-12h—🌎 NA
Urethral sphincter hypotonus5-50 mg per dog PO q8h or 1.5 mg/kg PO q8h-12hPOq8-12h—🌎 NA
Retrograde ejaculation3-4 mg/kg PO twice dailyPOq12h—🌎 NA
  • Urethral sphincter hypotonus: Using the time-release 75 mg capsules
  • Urethral sphincter hypotonus: Controls 74-92% of dogs with primary sphincter mechanism incontinence. Over half of dogs not responding to regular PPA will respond to sustained-release PPA.
  • Retrograde ejaculation: May be tried

고양이

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Urethral sphincter hypotonus12.5 mg PO q8hPOq8h—🌎 NA
Urethral sphincter hypotonus1-1.5 mg/kg PO q8hPOq8h—🌎 NA
Urethral sphincter hypotonus1.1 -2.2 mg/kg PO two to three times dailyPOq8-12h—🌎 NA

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

페닐프로판올아민(PPA)은 비선택적 교감신경 흥분성 아민으로, 수의학에서는 주로 중성화된 암컷 개에서 발생하는 ​요도 괄약근 기능 부전(USMI)​과 관련된 ​요실금​을 관리하는 데 사용됩니다.

과거에는 코막힘 완화제로 사용되기도 했으나, 수의학적 주요 적응증은 방광경부와 근위 요도의 평활근 긴장도를 증가시키는 능력에 기반합니다.

​임상 요점:​

  • PPA는 반려견의 후천성 요실금에 매우 효과적이며, 성공률은 종종 75-85%를 초과합니다.
  • 교감신경 흥분제이므로 전신적인 아드레날린성 부작용, 특히 고혈압 및 행동 변화(불안, 초조)를 유발할 수 있습니다.
  • 미국에서는 메스암페타민 합성의 전구체로 사용될 가능성 때문에 제1종 화학물질로 분류되어 있어 구매 시 특정 제한을 받을 수 있습니다.

작용 기전

Phenylpropanolamine acts primarily as an indirect-acting sympathomimetic, though it may have some direct receptor agonist activity.

  • ​Mechanism:​ It stimulates the release of endogenous norepinephrine from presynaptic nerve terminals.
  • ​Pathway:​ Released norepinephrine binds to alpha-1 adrenergic receptors located in the smooth muscle of the internal urethral sphincter and bladder neck → increased sphincter tone → prevention of urine leakage.
  • It also stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors, which can contribute to systemic cardiovascular effects (e.g., increased heart rate and contractility).
  • ​Note:​ Prolonged use or excessive dosing frequency can theoretically deplete norepinephrine from storage sites, leading to tachyphylaxis (decreased response), though this is rarely documented in dogs or cats treated for incontinence.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

  • Glaucoma
  • Prostatic hypertrophy
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Cardiovascular disorders
  • Hypertension
  • Severe renal or hepatic disease

부작용

  • Restlessness
  • Anxiety
  • Irritability
  • Urine retention
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension
  • Anorexia
  • Rare reports of 'stroke' in dogs
  • Panting

주의

Use with caution in patients with glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, or hypertension. May cause decreased ovum implantation, though clinical experience has not demonstrated untoward effects during pregnancy.

약물 상호작용

HalothaneMajor

Increased risk of arrhythmias. Propranolol may be administered should these occur.

Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, selegiline)

Should not be given within two weeks of receiving MAOIs due to risk of severe hypertension and toxicity.

NSAIDs (including aspirin)

Increased chance of hypertension if given concomitantly.

Reserpine

Increased chance of hypertension if given concomitantly.

Other Sympathomimetic Agents (e.g., ephedrine)

Should not be administered together as increased toxicity may result.

Tricyclic Antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine, amitriptyline)

Increased chance of hypertension if given concomitantly.

NSAIDsModerate

Increased risk of hypertension

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)Major

Risk of severe hypertensive crisis

Tricyclic AntidepressantsMajor

Increased sympathomimetic effects and risk of hypertension

모니터링

  • Clinical effectiveness (reduction in urine leakage)
  • Adverse effects (restlessness, irritability, anorexia)
  • Blood pressure
  • Clinical response (reduction in urinary incontinence)
  • Heart rate and rhythm
  • Behavioral changes (restlessness, pacing)

약동학

반감기

고양이Unknown개Approximately 3 to 4 hours

흡수

In humans, readily absorbed after oral administration. Onset of action is about 15-30 minutes with a duration of effect lasting approximately 3 hours (regular capsules/tablets).

분포

Reportedly distributed into various tissues and fluids, including the CNS. Unknown if it crosses the placenta or enters milk.

대사

Partially metabolized to an active metabolite.

배설

80-90% is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours of dosing.

과다투여

Clinical signs of overdosage may consist of an exacerbation of adverse effects (restlessness, anxiety).

​Severe Overdose Signs:​

  • ​Cardiovascular:​ Hypertension to rebound hypotension, bradycardias to tachycardias, and cardiovascular collapse.
  • ​CNS:​ Stimulation progressing to coma.
  • Case report: A dog ingesting 48 mg/kg developed ventricular tachycardia and myocardial necrosis (resolved within 6 months).

​Treatment:​

  • If recent, empty the stomach using usual precautions and administer charcoal and a cathartic.
  • Treat clinical signs supportively.

  • ​WARNING:​ Do NOT use propranolol to treat hypertension in bradycardic patients. Do NOT use atropine to treat bradycardia.

  • Hypertension may be managed with a phenothiazine (e.g., acepromazine at very low doses such as 0.02 mg/kg IV or IM). If unsuccessful, consider a CRI of nitroprusside.
  • Contact an animal poison control center for further guidance.

제품

제형

  • Chewable tablets
  • Timed-release capsules
  • Oral solution
  • 40 mg/ml syrup
  • 15 mg tablet
  • 50 mg tablet

동물용의약품

  • Phenylpropanolamine Chewable Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg, & 75 mg (Proin, Propalin, Uriflex-PT, Uricon)
  • Phenylpropanolamine Timed-Release Capsules: 75 mg (Cystolamine)
  • Phenylpropanolamine oral solution: 25 mg/mL in 60 mL bottles (Proin Drops); 50 mg/mL in 30 mL and 100 mL bottles
  • Propalin 40 mg/ml syrup
  • Urilin 40 mg/ml syrup
  • Proin 15 mg tablets
  • Proin 50 mg tablets

인용의약품

  • Removed from the US market due to potential adverse effects in humans.

규제 현황

European Union✓ 승인됨처방전의약품EMA
🐕 Dogs

Classified as POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine - Veterinary).

United Kingdom✓ 승인됨처방전의약품VMD
🐕 Dogs

Classified as POM-V.

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Store phenylpropanolamine products at room temperature in light-resistant, tight containers.

보호자 정보

​중요​: 이 약이 효과를 발휘하려면 수의사의 지시에 따라 정확하게 투여해야 합니다. 투여를 건너뛰면 약효가 떨어져 요실금이 재발할 수 있습니다.

  • 약의 완전한 효과가 나타나기까지 며칠이 걸릴 수 있습니다.
  • 이 약은 요실금을 관리하는 약이며 완치시키는 것은 아닙니다. 일반적으로 장기 복용이 필요합니다.
  • ​수의사에게 연락해야 할 때​: 반려동물에게 지속적인 행동 변화(과도한 헐떡임, 안절부절못함, 서성거림, 예민함 등)가 나타나거나, 식욕이 떨어지거나, 요실금이 지속되거나 악화되는 경우 수의사에게 연락하십시오.

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