프로베네시드

동물 종별 용량

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

금기

• Patients with or susceptible to uric acid renal or bladder calculus formation
• Urate nephropathy (e.g., cancer chemotherapy with rapidly cytolytic agents)
• Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min)
• Gout in birds (can exacerbate the condition)

이상반응

• Headache (humans)
• Inappetence
• Nausea
• Mild vomiting
• Rashes
• Increased rate of gouty attacks initially (if no prophylaxis)
• Hypersensitivity (rare)
• Bone marrow suppression (rare)
• Hepatotoxicity (rare)
• Nephrotic syndrome (rare)

약물 상호작용

• Acyclovir · Increased acyclovir serum concentrations; probenecid can decrease renal excretion
• Antineoplastics (rapidly cytolytic) · Increased chance of uric acid nephropathy
• Aspirin (and other salicylates) · Salicylates antagonize the uricosuric effects of probenecid
• Benzodiazepines (lorazepam, oxazepam) · Probenecid may prolong action or reduce time for onset of action
• Beta-lactam antibiotics · Probenecid may increase serum concentrations by reducing renal excretion
• Beta-lactamase inhibitors (sulbactam, tazobactam) · Probenecid may increase serum concentrations by reducing renal excretion (does not affect clavulanic acid)
• Chlorpropamide · Probenecid decreases elimination; hypoglycemia is possible
• Ciprofloxacin/Enrofloxacin · Probenecid reduces renal tubular secretion of ciprofloxacin by about 50%. Significantly reduces renal excretion of enrofloxacin in goats.
• Dapsone · Possible accumulation of dapsone or its active metabolites
• Furosemide · Increased serum furosemide levels
• Heparin · Probenecid may increase and prolong heparin's effects
• Methotrexate · Probenecid may increase levels; increased risks for toxicity

모니터링

• Serum uric acid
• Urine uric acid
• Acid-base balance (if concomitant urine alkalinization is used)

과용량

Limited information is available in veterinary species. * **Human Data**: One massive (>45 g) overdose caused CNS stimulation, seizures, protracted vomiting, and respiratory failure. * **Management**: Handle initially using standardized protocols for removal of drug from the gut and preventing absorption. Treat supportively. Use caution co-administrating drugs that may compete with probenecid for tubular secretion. Consider contacting an animal poison control center for guidance.