피란텔 파모산염

항기생충제 - 피리미딘계 구충제

피란텔 파모산염은 널리 사용되며 매우 안전한 **피리미딘계 구충제**로, 다양한 동물의 장내 선충(회충 및 구충)에 주로 효과적입니다. 파모산염은 위장관에서 거의 흡수되지 않기 때문에, 표적 기생충이 서식하는 장 내강에서 높은 농도를 달성합니다. 안전역이 매우 넓고 기호성이 좋은 현탁액 형태로 제공되어 소아 수의학(강아지 및 고양이의 정기 구충)에서 필수적인 약물입니다. > **임상 팁:** 회충과 구충에는 매우 효과적이지만, 표준 용량의 피란텔은 편충(*Trichuris* spp.)과 대부분의 촌충에는 효과가 없습니다. 그러나 말의 경우 맹장 촌충(*Anoplocephala perfoliata*)을 구제하기 위해 두 배 용량을 사용합니다. 말의 원충 및 개의 구충(*Ancylostoma caninum*)에서 내성 발생이 임상적으로 새로운 문제로 대두되고 있습니다.

작용 기전: Pyrantel acts as a **depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent** in susceptible parasites. * It binds selectively to **nicotinic acetylcholine receptors** on the somatic muscle cells of the nematode. * This binding causes continuous depolarization and an influx of calcium → **spastic paralysis** of the worm. * Paralyzed worms lose their ability to maintain attachment to the host's intestinal mucosa and are subsequently expelled alive in the feces via normal gastrointestinal peristalsis. * It also possesses mild **cholinesterase inhibitory** properties, further contributing to the accumulation of acetylcholine at the parasite's neuromuscular junction.

동물 종별 용량

Sheep

For susceptible parasites · Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO · PO · Single dose

Goats

For susceptible parasites · Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO · PO · Single dose

Cats

For susceptible parasites using combination product with praziquantel (Drontal) · Administer a minimum dose of 2.27 mg praziquantel and 9.2 mg pyrantel pamoate per pound of body weight according to the dosing tables on labeling. · PO · Single dose · May be given directly by mouth or in a small amount of food. Do not withhold food prior to or after treatment. If reinfection occurs, treatment may be repeated.
Ascarids, Hookworms, Physaloptera · 5 mg/kg, PO; repeat in 2 weeks (one time only for Physaloptera) · PO · repeat in 2 weeks
For susceptible parasites · 10 mg/kg PO, repeat in 3 weeks · PO · repeat in 3 weeks
Kittens · 5-10 mg/kg PO; can be repeated every 2-3 weeks until at least 12 weeks of age. · PO · every 2-3 weeks · until at least 12 weeks of age · Can be treated as early as 2-3 weeks of age

Cattle

For susceptible parasites · Pyrantel tartrate: 25 mg/kg, PO · PO · Single dose

Horses

투여 경로

금기

Severely debilitated animals

이상반응

Emesis (rare, primarily in small animals)

약물 상호작용

Diethylcarbamazine · Increased risk for adverse effects
Levamisole · Because of similar mechanisms of action (and toxicity), do not use concurrently
Morantel · Because of similar mechanisms of action (and toxicity), do not use concurrently
Organophosphates · Increased risk for adverse effects
Piperazine · Pyrantel and piperazine have antagonistic mechanisms of action; do not use together

모니터링

Fecal egg count reduction testing (FECRT) for strongyle nematodes (especially in horses to monitor for resistance)
Resolution of clinical signs of parasitism
Routine fecal flotations 2-4 weeks post-treatment

과용량

Pyrantel has a moderate to wide margin of safety. * Dosages up to approximately **7 times** the recommended dose generally result in no toxic reactions. * In horses, doses of **20X** yielded no adverse effects. * The LD50 in mice and rats for pyrantel tartrate is 170 mg/kg; >690 mg/kg for pyrantel pamoate in dogs. * **Chronic dosing** of pyrantel pamoate in dogs resulted in clinical signs when given at 50 mg/kg/day, but not at 20 mg/kg/day over 3 months. * **Clinical signs of toxicity** may include increased respiratory rates, profuse sweating (in species with sweat glands), ataxia, or other cholinergic effects.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.