피리독신 (비타민 B6)
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B-6)
Pyridoxine hydrochloride
다른 이름: Aminoxin · Vitelle Nestrex · Vitamin B6 · adermine · pyridoxal-5-phosphate · pyridoxamine · pirodoxamina · piridossima · piridoxolum · piridossina
VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
동물 종별 용량
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
개
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isoniazid (INH) toxicity | If quantity of INH ingested is known, give pyridoxine on a mg for mg (1:1) basis. If it is not known, give pyridoxine initially at 71 mg/kg as a 5-10% IV infusion over 30-60 minutes | IV | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
| To replace pyridoxine antagonized by crimidine ingestion | 20 mg/kg | IV | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
| To delay the development of cutaneous toxicity (PPES) associated with doxorubicin containing pegylated liposomes (Doxil®) | 50 mg | PO | q8h (three times daily) | During chemotherapy protocol period | 🌎 NA |
- Isoniazid (INH) toxicity: Some sources say it can be given as an IV bolus. Do not use injectable B-complex vitamins.
고양이
| 적응증 | 용량 | 경로 | 빈도 | 기간 | 지역 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| To replace pyridoxine antagonized by crimidine ingestion | 20 mg/kg | IV | Once | — | 🌎 NA |
용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.
개요
피리독신(비타민 B6)은 수많은 대사 과정에 필수적인 수용성 비타민입니다. 수의학에서 주요 특정 적응증은 이소니아지드(INH) 또는 크리미딘 중독의 해독제로 사용되거나, 리포솜 독소루비신(Doxil®)과 관련된 피부 독성(수족증후군)을 지연시키는 것입니다.
임상 팁: 균형 잡힌 상업용 사료를 섭취하는 개와 고양이에서 식이 결핍은 극히 드물지만, 심각한 위장관 질환이 있는 고양이는 피리독신 요구량이 증가할 수 있습니다. 또한, 시험관 내 연구에 따르면 피리독신은 고양이 유선 종양의 성장을 억제할 수 있는 것으로 나타났습니다.
작용 기전
Pyridoxine is converted in erythrocytes to pyridoxal phosphate and, to a lesser extent, pyridoxamine, which act as vital coenzymes for protein, lipid, and carbohydrate utilization.
- Neurotransmitter Synthesis: Required for the synthesis of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the CNS, and the conversion of tryptophan → serotonin or niacin.
- Metabolic Pathways: Essential for glycogen breakdown, heme synthesis, and the conversion of oxalate → glycine.
- Toxicity Antidote: Acts as an antidote by directly enhancing the renal excretion of cycloserine and isoniazid.
안전성·주의사항
금기사항
- Documented hypersensitivity or sensitivity to pyridoxine
부작용
- Paresthesias (reported in humans)
- Somnolence (reported in humans)
- Reduced serum folic acid levels
- Peripheral neuropathy (associated with massive overdoses)
주의
Weigh potential risks versus benefits in patients with documented sensitivity to pyridoxine. While very safe at recommended doses during pregnancy, very large doses during pregnancy can cause a pyridoxine dependency syndrome in neonates. Pyridoxine requirements of the dam may be increased during nursing.
약물 상호작용
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
May cause increased pyridoxine requirements
Pyridoxine may reduce levodopa efficacy (no interaction when levodopa is used with carbidopa)
High dose pyridoxine may decrease phenobarbital serum levels
High dose pyridoxine may decrease phenytoin serum concentration
모니터링
- Efficacy for intended use
- Neurologic signs (gait, coordination) if on high doses
약동학
흡수
Absorbed from the GI tract primarily in the jejunum. Malabsorption syndromes can significantly impair pyridoxine absorption.
분포
Pyridoxine is not bound to plasma proteins, but its active metabolite pyridoxal phosphate is completely bound to plasma proteins. Stored primarily in the liver with smaller amounts stored in the brain and muscle.
대사
Biotransformed in the liver and various tissues to active coenzymes.
배설
Excreted almost entirely as metabolites into the urine.
과다투여
Warning: While single overdoses are generally not problematic unless massive, chronic high doses can cause severe neurologic toxicity.
- Massive Acute Overdose: Laboratory animals given 3-4 grams/kg developed seizures and died.
- Chronic Overdose: Dogs (Beagles) repeatedly given 3 gram oral daily doses developed uncoordinated gait and neurologic signs. Neuronal lesions were noted in sensory, dorsal root ganglia, and trigeminal ganglia. Signs generally resolved over a 2-month drug-free period.
제품
제형
- Enteric-coated tablets
- Injection
동물용의약품
- No single ingredient veterinary-labeled pyridoxine products are available (found in combination products)
인용의약품
- Pyridoxine Tablets: 50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, & 500 mg
- Pyridoxine (as pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) Tablets (enteric-coated): 20 mg (Aminoxin®)
- Pyridoxine HCl Injection: 100 mg/mL in 1 mL vials
규제 현황
규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
보관·안정성
Tablets should be stored below 40°C (104°F), preferably between 15-30°C (59-86°F), in well-closed containers protected from light. Injection should be stored at the same temperatures, protected from light and freezing. Injection can be administered undiluted or added to commonly used IV solutions. Compatible with doxapram and 10% fat emulsion. Incompatible with alkaline or oxidizing solutions, and iron salts.
보호자 정보
중요: 피리독신은 일반적으로 매우 안전하지만, 극도로 높은 용량은 신경 손상을 일으킬 수 있습니다.
- 수의사가 처방한 용량을 초과하지 마십시오.
- 반려동물에게 보행 곤란, 비틀거림, 계단 오르내리기 어려움 등 비정상적인 신경 증상이 나타나면 즉시 수의사에게 연락하십시오.
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