라니티딘

Ranitidine

Ranitidine hydrochloride

H2 수용체 길항제 / 위장관 운동 촉진제POIVIMSC개고양이소형 포유류페렛말

다른 이름: Zantac 75 · Zantac EFFERdose · AH-19065 · ranitidini hydrochloridum · Ranitidinum

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

1-2 mg/kgPO· twice daily

체중— 🐕

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

개

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For esophagitis	1-2 mg/kg	PO	twice daily	—	🌎 NA
For chronic gastritis	0.5 mg/kg	PO	twice daily	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease	0.5-2 mg/kg	PO, IV or IM	q8-12h	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease	2 mg/kg	PO, IV	q8h	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease (also used for esophagitis)	1-2 mg/kg	PO, IV, SC	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease	2 mg/kg	PO, IV	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For gastrinoma	1-2 mg/kg	PO, SC, IV	q8-12h	—	🌎 NA
For gastrinoma	0.5 mg/kg	PO, IV or SC	twice daily	—	🌎 NA
To treat hypergastrinemia secondary to chronic renal failure	1-2 mg/kg	PO	twice daily	—	🌎 NA
To treat hyperhistaminemia secondary to mast cell tumors	2 mg/kg	PO/IV/IM/SC	q12h	—	🌎 NA
As a prokinetic agent to stimulate gastric contractions	1-2 mg/kg	PO	q12h	—	🌎 NA
All uses (ulcers, gastritis, prokinetic)	2 mg/kg	slow IV, SC, PO	q8-12h	Typically 1 month for ulcers (2 weeks post-remission)	🌍 EU

To treat hyperhistaminemia secondary to mast cell tumors: Route not explicitly specified in this line of monograph, typically PO/injectable
All uses (ulcers, gastritis, prokinetic): Absorption is not clinically significantly affected by food intake.

고양이

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For ulcer disease/esophagitis	2.5 mg/kg IV q12h or 3.5 mg/kg PO q12h	IV, PO	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease/esophagitis	1-2 mg/kg	PO, IV, SC	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For ulcer disease/esophagitis	2 mg/kg	PO, IV	q12h	—	🌎 NA
As a prokinetic agent to stimulate colonic motility	1-2 mg/kg	PO	q8-12h	—	🌎 NA
As a prokinetic agent to stimulate colonic motility	1-2 mg/kg	PO	q12h	—	🌎 NA
All uses	2 mg/kg/day	IV	constant infusion	—	🌍 EU
All uses	2.5 mg/kg	IV	Not specified	—	🌍 EU

All uses: Not an effective acid suppressant in healthy cats.
All uses: Not an effective acid suppressant in healthy cats.

소형 포유류

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
As a prokinetic in rabbits	0.5 mg/kg	IV	q24h	—	🌎 NA
For suspected gastric ulceration in rabbits	2-5 mg/kg	PO	twice daily	—	🌎 NA

As a prokinetic in rabbits: Used with cisapride (0.5 mg/kg PO q8h).

페렛

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For Helicobacter mustelae	24 mg/kg	PO	q8-12h	14 days	🌎 NA

For Helicobacter mustelae: Uses Ranitidine bismuth citrate (must be compounded). Given with clarithromycin (12.5 mg/kg PO q8-12h).

말

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
Foals	1.5 mg/kg IV q8h or 6.6 mg/kg PO q8h	IV, PO	q8h	—	🌎 NA
Foals	6.6 mg/kg IV q4h or 0.8-2.2 mg/kg IV four times a day; 5-10 mg/kg PO two to four times a day.	IV, PO	q4h or QID (IV); BID-QID (PO)	—	🌎 NA
Adults	1.5-2 mg/kg IV or IM q6-8h; 6.6 mg/kg PO q8h	IV, IM, PO	q6-8h (IV/IM); q8h (PO)	—	🌎 NA

Foals: Often used with omeprazole (4 mg/kg PO q24h).

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

라니티딘(Ranitidine)은 수의학에서 널리 사용되는 경쟁적 히스타민 H2 수용체 길항제이자 위장관 운동 촉진제입니다.

주요 임상 특징:

위산 억제: 위궤양, 제4위 궤양, 십이지장 궤양, 요독성 위염 및 스트레스나 약물로 인한 미란성 위염의 치료 및 예방에 사용됩니다.
위장관 운동 촉진: H2 차단제 중 독특하게도 라니티딘은 위장관 운동을 자극하여 위 배출 지연을 개선하고 고양이의 결장 활동(예: 거대결장증)을 촉진하는 데 유용합니다.
전신성 비만세포증: 비만세포종(다량의 히스타민을 방출함)과 관련된 위산 과다 분비 상태를 관리하는 데 도움을 줍니다.

임상 요점: 라니티딘은 몰 농도 기준으로 시메티딘보다 3~13배 더 강력합니다. 또한 간의 사이토크롬 P450 효소를 크게 억제하지 않으므로 약물 상호작용이 현저히 적어 다중 약물을 복용 중인 환자에게 더 안전한 선택입니다.

작용 기전

Ranitidine exerts its effects via two distinct mechanisms:

Gastric Acid Suppression: It competitively inhibits histamine at the H2 receptors located on the basolateral membrane of gastric parietal cells.
- Histamine blockade → decreased intracellular cAMP → reduced activation of the H+/K+ ATPase (proton pump) → significant reduction in both basal and stimulated gastric acid and pepsin secretion.
Prokinetic Effect: It reversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the gastrointestinal tract.
- AChE inhibition → decreased breakdown of acetylcholine → increased acetylcholine (ACh) at muscarinic receptors → stimulation of GI smooth muscle motility and increased lower esophageal sphincter pressure.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

Hypersensitivity to ranitidine
No specific contraindications available in the monograph

부작용

Vomiting (associated with rapid IV boluses in small animals)
Pain at the injection site (IM administration)
Mental confusion (rare, documented in humans)
Headache (rare, documented in humans)
Agranulocytosis (rare)
Transient cardiac arrhythmias (if given too rapidly IV)
Cardiac arrhythmias (rare, typically with rapid IV)
Hypotension (rare, typically with rapid IV)

주의

Use cautiously and consider reduced dosages in patients with diminished renal function or hepatic insufficiency, as the drug may accumulate.

Geriatric patients may be more susceptible to adverse effects.

High-dose, chronic IV therapy (longer than 5 days) has caused increased serum ALT levels in humans; monitoring liver enzymes is recommended in these scenarios.

Use with caution in nursing veterinary patients, as ranitidine is excreted in breast milk (milk:plasma ratio of 5:1 to 12:1).

약물 상호작용

Acetaminophen

Ranitidine (dose-dependent) may inhibit acetaminophen metabolism.

AntacidsModerate

High doses may decrease the absorption of ranitidine; administer at least 2 hours apart.

Ketoconazole

Absorption of ketoconazole may be reduced secondary to increased gastric pH.

Itraconazole

Absorption of itraconazole may be reduced secondary to increased gastric pH.

Metoprolol

Ranitidine may increase metoprolol half-life and peak serum levels.

Nifedipine

Ranitidine may increase nifedipine AUC by 30%.

Propantheline

Delays the absorption but increases the peak serum level of ranitidine; relative bioavailability may be increased by 23%.

Vitamin B-12

Long-term ranitidine use may reduce oral absorption of Vitamin B-12.

SucralfateMinor

May affect absorption; advisable to administer sucralfate 2 hours before H2 blockers

DigoxinModerate

Ranitidine may reduce absorption or effect; stagger oral doses by 2 hours

MetoclopramideModerate

Ranitidine may reduce absorption or effect; stagger oral doses by 2 hours

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (resolution of clinical signs, improved appetite, absence of blood in feces/vomitus)
Endoscopic examination (if indicated for ulcer healing)
Serum ALT values (consider monitoring during high-dose, chronic IV therapy)
Resolution of gastrointestinal clinical signs
Heart rate and blood pressure (during IV administration)

약동학

반감기

개2.2 hours

흡수

Dogs: Oral bioavailability is ~81%. Horses: Oral bioavailability is ~27% in adults and 38% in foals. Peak levels occur in 100 mins (adults) and 60 mins (foals). Humans: Rapidly absorbed but undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism (net bioavailability ~50%). Food does not appreciably alter absorption.

분포

Widely distributed throughout the body. Volume of distribution: 2.6 L/kg (dogs), 1.1 L/kg (adult horses), 1.5 L/kg (foals). Only 10-19% bound to plasma proteins. Distributes into milk at 25-100% of plasma levels.

대사

Metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.

배설

Excreted in the urine by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Clearance in horses is ~10 mL/min/kg (adults) and 13.3 mL/min/kg (foals).

과다투여

Clinical experience with ranitidine overdosage is limited, but the drug has a wide margin of safety.

Signs of Toxicity: In laboratory animals, massive doses (225 mg/kg/day) have caused muscular tremors, vomiting, and rapid respirations. Single doses of 1 gram/kg in rodents were not fatal.
Treatment: Handle using standard protocols for oral drug ingestions (e.g., gastric decontamination if recent and appropriate). Treat clinical signs symptomatically and supportively. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis can effectively remove ranitidine from the body.

제품

제형

Effervescent oral tablets
Oral solution
Injection
Injectable: 25 mg/ml solution
Oral: 75 mg tablet
Oral: 150 mg tablet
Oral: 300 mg tablet
Oral: 15 mg/ml syrup

동물용의약품

None (No veterinary-labeled products currently available)

인용의약품

Ranitidine HCl Oral Tablets: 75 mg, 150 mg & 300 mg (Zantac, Zantac 75, generic)
Ranitidine HCl Effervescent Oral Tablets: 25 mg & 150 mg (Zantac EFFERdose)
Ranitidine HCl Solution: 15 mg/mL (Zantac, generic)
Ranitidine HCl Injection: 1 mg/mL (premixed) & 25 mg/mL (Zantac, generic)
Ranitidine 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg tablets
Ranitidine 15 mg/ml syrup
Ranitidine 25 mg/ml injectable solution

규제 현황

European Union✓ 승인됨처방전의약품EMA

🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM (Prescription Only Medicine)

United Kingdom✓ 승인됨처방전의약품VMD

🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM (Prescription Only Medicine)

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Store tablets in tight, light-resistant containers at room temperature. Store injectable products protected from light at temperatures less than 30°C. A slight darkening of the injectable solution does not affect potency. Injection is stable up to 48 hours when mixed with commonly used IV solutions (including 5% sodium bicarbonate).

보호자 정보

라니티딘은 위산을 줄이고 음식이 소화관을 더 효과적으로 통과하도록 돕는 데 사용되는 약물입니다.

투여 방법: 수의사가 처방한 대로 정확하게 이 약을 투여하십시오. 복용을 건너뛰면 위산 수치가 반등하여 증상이 재발할 수 있으므로 주의하십시오.
투여 시간: 음식과 함께 또는 빈속에 투여할 수 있습니다. 반려동물이 제산제를 함께 복용하는 경우, 라니티딘과 최소 2시간의 간격을 두고 투여하십시오.
부작용: 라니티딘은 일반적으로 매우 안전하며 내약성이 좋습니다. 부작용은 드물지만 가벼운 위장 장애가 포함될 수 있습니다.
보관: 알약은 직사광선을 피해 실온에서 밀폐된 용기에 보관하십시오.

참고: 라니티딘이 시메티딘과 같은 구형 제산제보다 약물 상호작용이 적긴 하지만, 새로운 약물이나 영양제를 투여하기 전에는 항상 수의사와 상담하십시오.

VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.