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실리마린 / 밀크씨슬

Silymarin / Milk Thistle

Silybum marianum extract (silibinin, silybin)

다른 이름: Denamarin · Legalon · Doxion · Hepaticare · Hepatosupport · Hepatosyl Plus · Samylin · Zentonil Advanced · Milk Thistle · Silybum marianum · Carduus marianus · Holy Thistle · Marian Thistle · Silibinin · Silybin · Sylibin · Silibide · Silymarin

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

20-50 mg/kg per dayPO· q24h
🐕

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Therapeutic dosage (general)50-250 mg/dayPOq24h🌎 NA
Adjunctive therapy for chronic liver disease20-50 mg/kg per dayPOq24h🌎 NA
Chronic liver disease and ameliorating the effects of anticonvulsants50-200 mgPOq12-24h🌎 NA
Hepatotoxicity, hepatic recovery/regeneration, hepatic fibrosis20-50 mg/kg/dayPOq24h🌎 NA
  • Therapeutic dosage (general): Suggested dose range
  • Adjunctive therapy for chronic liver disease: Extrapolated from human, monkey, rodent and dog research

고양이

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Therapeutic dosage (general)50-250 mg/dayPOq24h🌎 NA
Adjunctive therapy for chronic liver disease20-50 mg/kg per dayPOq24h🌎 NA
Chronic liver disease and ameliorating the effects of anticonvulsants50-200 mgPOq12-24h🌎 NA
Hepatotoxicity, hepatic recovery/regeneration, hepatic fibrosis20-50 mg/kg/dayPOq24h🌎 NA
General hepatic support4-8 mg/kg/dayPOq24h🌎 NA
  • Therapeutic dosage (general): Suggested dose range
  • Adjunctive therapy for chronic liver disease: Extrapolated from human, monkey, rodent and dog research

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

​실리마린(Silymarin)​은 밀크씨슬(Silybum marianum)의 씨앗에서 추출한 플라보놀리그난 복합체입니다. 수의학에서 ​간장 보호 기능성 영양제​로 널리 사용됩니다.

  • ​주요 용도:​ 개, 고양이 및 기타 동물의 급·만성 간질환, 간경변 및 염증성 간질환 관리.
  • ​독소 해독제:​ 알광대버섯(Amanita phalloides)과 같은 심각한 간독성 물질 섭취 후 간 보호제로 특히 중요한 역할을 합니다.
  • ​종양학적 지원:​ 최근 실험 데이터에 따르면 특정 암을 예방하고 특정 화학요법의 간독성 부작용을 줄이는 데 도움이 될 수 있습니다.

​임상 팁:​ 실리마린은 기능성 영양제이므로 일반 의약품의 품질과 생체 이용률이 매우 다양합니다. 실리비닌이 포스파티딜콜린과 결합된(파이토솜 기술) 수의과 전용 제제는 일반 추출물에 비해 위장관 흡수율이 훨씬 뛰어나므로 강력히 권장됩니다.

작용 기전

Silymarin exerts its hepatoprotective effects through multiple synergistic pathways. Silibinin (or silybin) is the most biologically active component of the complex.

  • ​Antioxidant & Free Radical Scavenging:​ Inhibits lipid peroxidase and beta-glucuronidase. It directly scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and significantly increases intracellular glutathione levels in the liver.
  • ​Membrane Stabilization:​ Alters the outer hepatocyte cell membrane structure, competitively blocking the binding and transmembrane transport of hepatotoxins (e.g., amatoxins from poisonous mushrooms).
  • ​Anti-inflammatory:​ Inhibits the cytotoxic, inflammatory, and apoptotic effects of ​Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)​ and modulates leukotriene synthesis.
  • ​Antifibrotic:​ Reduces hepatic stellate cell activation, thereby decreasing hepatic collagen formation and slowing the progression of cirrhosis.
  • ​Regenerative:​ Stimulates ribosomal RNA polymerase A → enhances protein synthesis and accelerates hepatocyte regeneration.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

  • Known hypersensitivity or allergy to the Asteraceae/Compositae plant family (ragweed, marigolds, daisies)
  • Use caution with whole plant extracts (not the seed extract) in patients where exogenous estrogens are contraindicated, due to potential estrogen-like activity

부작용

  • Gastrointestinal upset (mild nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
  • Allergic reactions in patients sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae plant family
  • Generally very well tolerated
  • Rare mild gastrointestinal upset

주의

​Important Warning:​ Do not confuse Milk Thistle with Blessed Thistle, which is a completely different botanical compound.

  • ​Regulatory Status:​ These products are considered nutritional supplements and are not evaluated or approved by the FDA as pharmaceuticals. Potency and purity can vary between manufacturers.
  • ​Pregnancy/Nursing:​ Safety data during pregnancy or nursing is unavailable; weigh potential benefits against uncertain risks.

약물 상호작용

CYP2C9 Substrates (e.g., warfarin, amitriptyline, verapamil)

Silymarin may inhibit cytochrome P450 isoenzyme 2C9 (CYP2C9). Use caution with narrow therapeutic index drugs metabolized by this pathway.

CYP3A4 Substrates

May inhibit CYP3A4, though clinical significance is currently undetermined.

Drugs undergoing hepatic glucuronidation (acetaminophen, diazepam, morphine, lamotrigine)

Silymarin may increase the clearance of these drugs (not applicable in cats). Clinical significance is undetermined.

모니터링

  • Clinical efficacy (resolution of clinical signs)
  • Liver enzyme panels (ALT, AST, ALP, GGT)
  • Hepatic function tests (Bilirubin, Bile Acids, BUN, Albumin)
  • Liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, GGT)
  • Total bilirubin
  • Clinical signs of hepatic disease (e.g., icterus, lethargy, appetite)

약동학

흡수

In humans, oral bioavailability is <50% with peak levels occurring 2-4 hours post-dose. Silymarin is fairly insoluble in water. When silibinin is complexed with phosphatidylcholine (phytosome technology), oral absorption is significantly increased.

분포

Undergoes extensive enterohepatic circulation. Achieves significantly higher concentrations in liver cells and bile compared to plasma.

대사

20-40% is converted into glucuronide and sulfate conjugates.

배설

The majority of the drug is eliminated unchanged in the feces. Conjugates are also eliminated in the feces. Only about 8% is excreted in the urine. Elimination half-life in humans averages 6 hours.

과다투여

Overdoses are highly unlikely to cause significant morbidity due to the supplement's high safety margin. Mild gastrointestinal effects (vomiting, diarrhea) may be seen and should be treated in a supportive and symptomatic manner.

제품

제형

  • Chewable tablets
  • Capsules
  • Oral tablets: 9 mg, 24 mg, 25 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg, 50 mg, 70 mg, 100 mg
  • Oral powder: 10 mg, 40 mg, 53 mg

동물용의약품

  • Marin for Cats (Silybin A+B 9 mg in a phosphatidylcholine complex & Vitamin E 50 Units Tablets)
  • Marin for Dogs (Small/Medium) (Silybin A+B 24 mg in a phosphatidylcholine complex, Vitamin E 105 Units, & Zinc 17 mg Chewable Tablets)
  • Marin for Dogs (Large) (Silybin A+B 70 mg in a phosphatidylcholine complex, Vitamin E 300 Units, & Zinc 45 mg Chewable Tablets)
  • Denamarin (Combination product containing SAMe and silybin)
  • Doxion
  • Hepaticare
  • Hepatosupport
  • Hepatosyl Plus
  • Samylin
  • Zentonil Advanced

인용의약품

  • Various OTC nutritional supplements (tablets and capsules ranging from 150-1000 mg). Look for products stating a standardized concentration of 70-80% silymarin.
  • Various authorized proprietary products

규제 현황

European Union✓ 승인됨EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

Authorized Veterinary Medicine - General Sales List (General sale)

United Kingdom✓ 승인됨VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

Authorized Veterinary Medicine - General Sales List (General sale)

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Unless otherwise labeled, commercially available products containing silymarin should be stored at room temperature in tight containers. Avoid storing the products in areas of high humidity.

보호자 정보

​실리마린이란 무엇인가요?​ 실리마린(밀크씨슬)은 반려동물의 간을 손상으로부터 보호하고 염증을 줄이며 간 회복을 촉진하는 데 사용되는 천연 영양 보충제입니다.

  • ​투여 방법:​ 음식과 함께 또는 단독으로 투여할 수 있습니다. 반려동물이 위장 장애를 겪는 경우 소량의 식사나 간식과 함께 투여해 보세요.
  • ​부작용:​ 이 보충제는 일반적으로 매우 안전합니다. 간혹 가벼운 설사나 구토를 유발할 수 있습니다. 이러한 증상이 지속되거나 심해지면 수의사에게 연락하세요.
  • ​인내심이 필요합니다:​ 보조 요법이므로 반려동물의 혈액 검사나 임상 상태가 개선되는 것을 보려면 몇 주 동안 꾸준히 사용해야 할 수 있습니다.
  • ​품질이 중요합니다:​ FDA 규제 약물이 아니므로 제품 품질이 다양합니다. 반려동물의 흡수율을 높이도록 제조된 수의사가 처방한 특정 수의과 전용 브랜드를 사용하는 것을 강력히 권장합니다.

VetSheet 의약품 참고자료는 수의사 전문가의 임상 의사결정 지원을 위한 것이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 약물 정보를 대체할 수 없습니다.