스펙티노마이신

Spectinomycin

Spectinomycin hydrochloride / Spectinomycin sulfate

다른 이름: Adspec · Spectam Scour-Halt · Spectoguard Scour-Chek · LS 50 · LincoSpectin · M-141 · actinospectacin · spectinomycini · U-18409AE · Kempi · Kirin · Stanilo · Togamycin · Trobicine · Vabicin

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

5.5-11 mg/kgIM· q12h

체중— 🐕

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

개

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For susceptible infections	5.5-11 mg/kg	IM	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For susceptible infections	5-10 mg/kg	IM	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For acute infectious gastroenteritis	5-12 mg/kg	IM	q12h	—	🌎 NA

For susceptible infections: Alternatively 22 mg/kg PO q12h (for enteric infections; not absorbed)

고양이

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For acute infectious gastroenteritis	5-12 mg/kg	IM	q12h	—	🌎 NA

새

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For airsacculitis associated with M. meleagridis or chronic respiratory disease associated with E. coli in turkey poults (1-3 days old)	0.1 mL (10 mg)	SC	once	—	🌎 NA
For control and to lessen mortality due to infections from M. synoviae, S. typhimurium, S. infantis, and E. coli in newly hatched chicks	2.55 mg/0.2 mL	SC	once	—	🌎 NA
For prevention and control of chronic respiratory disease associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum in broilers	2 grams/gallon	PO	continuous in drinking water	—	🌎 NA
For infectious synovitis associated with Mycoplasma synoviae in broilers	1 gram/gallon	PO	continuous in drinking water	—	🌎 NA
For improved weight gain/feed efficiency in floor-raised broilers	0.5 grams/gallon	PO	continuous in drinking water	—	🌎 NA

For airsacculitis associated with M. meleagridis or chronic respiratory disease associated with E. coli in turkey poults (1-3 days old): Inject in the base of the neck.
For control and to lessen mortality due to infections from M. synoviae, S. typhimurium, S. infantis, and E. coli in newly hatched chicks: Dilute injection with normal saline to a concentration of 2.55 mg/0.2 mL and inject SC.
For prevention and control of chronic respiratory disease associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum in broilers: Add sufficient amount to drinking water to attain final concentration.
For infectious synovitis associated with Mycoplasma synoviae in broilers: Add sufficient amount to drinking water to attain final concentration.
For improved weight gain/feed efficiency in floor-raised broilers: Add sufficient amount to drinking water to attain final concentration.

말

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For susceptible infections	20 mg/kg	IM	three times daily	—	🌎 NA
For pneumonia	20 mg/kg	IM	q8h	—	🌎 NA

For pneumonia: May cause local myositis. Insufficient data to comment on use.

소

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For bronchopneumonia and fibrinous pneumonia	33 mg/kg	SC	q8h	—	🌎 NA
For susceptible infections	22-39.6 mg/kg/day	IM	divided three times daily	—	🌎 NA
For bovine respiratory disease	10-15 mg/kg	SC	once daily (q24h)	for 3-5 consecutive days	🌎 NA

For bronchopneumonia and fibrinous pneumonia: Suggested withdrawal time is 60 days.
For bovine respiratory disease: Inject in the neck; not more than 50 mL per site.

돼지

적응증	용량	경로	빈도	기간	지역
For susceptible enteric infections	10 mg/kg	PO	q12h	—	🌎 NA
For bacterial enteritis (white scours) in baby pigs associated with E. coli susceptible to spectinomycin	50 mg/10 lbs of body weight	PO	twice daily	for 3-5 days	🌎 NA
For susceptible enteric infections	10 mg/kg	IM	q12h	—	🌎 NA

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

스펙티노마이신은 아미노사이클리톨계 항생제로, 구조적으로 아미노글리코사이드와 유사하지만 아미노당과 글리코사이드 결합이 없습니다.

임상 요점:

정균제 vs 살균제: 진정한 아미노글리코사이드와의 구조적 차이로 인해 스펙티노마이신은 살균제가 아닌 정균제로 작용합니다.
안전성 프로파일: 기존 아미노글리코사이드(예: 겐타마이신 또는 아미카신)와 흔히 관련된 심각한 신독성 및 이독성이 현저히 낮습니다.
항균 스펙트럼: 많은 그람 양성 및 음성균(대장균, 클레브시엘라, 프로테우스, 엔테로박터, 살모넬라, 연쇄상구균, 포도상구균, 마이코플라스마 포함)에 대해 비교적 넓은 스펙트럼을 가집니다.
한계점: 혐기성 세균, 대부분의 녹농균, 클라미디아 또는 트레포네마에 대한 활성은 거의 또는 전혀 없습니다.
주요 용도: 주로 산업동물(돼지, 가금류, 소)의 호흡기 및 장관계 감염에 사용되며, 개, 고양이, 말에게도 허가 외(off-label)로 간혹 사용됩니다.

작용 기전

Spectinomycin works by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria.

Mechanism Pathway: Drug enters bacterial cell → Binds specifically to the 30S ribosomal subunit → Inhibits mRNA translation and translocation → Halts protein synthesis → Bacteriostatic effect (prevents bacterial replication and growth).

Note: Unlike true aminoglycosides, spectinomycin does not cause misreading of the messenger RNA, which explains why its action is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

Patients with known hypersensitivity to spectinomycin

부작용

Neuromuscular blockade (reversible with parenteral calcium)
Swelling or soreness at injection sites (especially SC in cattle)
Transient ataxia (reported in turkey poults at high injected doses)
Mild increases in BUN, ALP, and SGPT (reported in humans)
Decreases in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and creatinine clearance (reported in humans)

주의

Neuromuscular Blockade: Like other aminocyclitols/aminoglycosides, spectinomycin can cause neuromuscular blockade, though it is generally safer. If this occurs, parenteral calcium administration will generally reverse the blockade.

Pregnancy: FDA Category B in humans (animal studies have not demonstrated fetal risk, but adequate human studies are lacking). Use with caution.
Nursing: It is unknown if spectinomycin is excreted in milk; use caution when administering to nursing patients.
Tissue Irritation: Subcutaneous administration in cattle may cause localized swelling at the injection site.

약물 상호작용

chloramphenicol

Antagonism has been reported when used concurrently.

tetracycline

Antagonism has been reported when used concurrently.

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (resolution of infection symptoms)
Injection site monitoring for swelling or myositis

약동학

흡수

Oral absorption is poor (only about 7% of the dose is absorbed), but the drug remaining in the GI tract is active locally. When injected SC or IM, the drug is well absorbed with peak serum levels occurring in about 1 hour.

분포

Tissue levels of absorbed drug are lower than those found in the serum. Spectinomycin does not appreciably enter the CSF or the eye and is not bound significantly to plasma proteins. Placental and milk transfer are unknown.

대사

Excreted mostly unchanged.

배설

Absorbed drug is excreted via glomerular filtration into the urine mostly unchanged. In cattle, the terminal half-life is about 2 hours.

과다투여

Because the drug is negligibly absorbed after oral administration, significant systemic toxicity is highly unlikely via the oral route.

Injected overdoses may cause neurological or neuromuscular signs. For example, injected doses of 90 mg produced transient ataxia in turkey poults. If severe neuromuscular blockade occurs following massive parenteral overdose, parenteral calcium administration may be required to reverse the blockade.

제품

제형

Injection (100 mg/mL)
Water Soluble Concentrate (0.5 g/g)
Oral Solution (50 mg/mL)
Water Soluble Powder (Combination with Lincomycin)

동물용의약품

Spectinomycin Sulfate Injection: 100 mg/mL (Adspec)
Spectinomycin Injection: 100 mg/mL (Spectam Injectable)
Spectinomycin Water Soluble Concentrate: 0.5 gram/gram (Spectam Water Soluble)
Spectinomycin Oral Solution: 50 mg/mL (Spectam Scour-Halt, Spectoguard Scour-Chek)
Spectinomycin/Lincomycin combinations (LS 50 Water Soluble Powder, Sepclinx-50, LincoSpectin Sterile Solution)

규제 현황

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Unless otherwise instructed by the manufacturer, spectinomycin products should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C). Protect from freezing.

보호자 정보

중요 안내: 스펙티노마이신은 주로 농장 동물(소, 돼지, 가금류 등)의 특정 세균 감염 치료에 사용되는 항생제이며, 간혹 반려동물의 위장관 감염에도 사용됩니다.

투여 방법: 수의사의 지시를 엄격히 따르십시오. 경구용 액제를 투여하거나 식수에 섞어 줄 경우, 동물이 예정된 전체 용량을 섭취했는지 확인하십시오.
부작용: 이 약은 일반적으로 매우 안전합니다. 피하 주사로 투여할 경우 주사 부위에 가벼운 부기나 통증이 관찰될 수 있습니다.
치료 완료: 동물이 완전히 회복된 것처럼 보이더라도 처방된 항생제 치료 과정을 반드시 끝까지 완료하십시오. 일찍 중단하면 내성균 감염을 유발할 수 있습니다.

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