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숙시닐콜린

Succinylcholine Chloride

Suxamethonium chloride

신경근 차단제 (탈분극성)IVIM고양이파충류

다른 이름: Anectine · Quelicin · choline chloride succinate · succicurarium chloride · suxamethonii chloridum · suxametonklorid · suxamethonium chloride

VetSheet 수의사 팀 검수업데이트 2026년 4월 5일근거 기반 수의학 참고자료

0.07 mg/kgIV· Single dose
🐕

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

동물 종별 용량

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Muscle relaxation0.07 mg/kgIVSingle dose🌎 NA
Muscle relaxation0.22 mg/kgIVSingle dose🌎 NA

고양이

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Muscle relaxation0.06 mg/kgIVSingle dose🌎 NA
Muscle relaxation0.11 mg/kgIVSingle dose🌎 NA

파충류

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
To relax an animal to allow intubation0.5-1 mg/kgIMSingle dose🌎 NA
  • To relax an animal to allow intubation: Especially helpful with turtles and crocodilians.

적응증용량경로빈도기간지역
Muscle relaxation0.088-0.11 mg/kgIV, IMSingle dose🌎 NA
  • Muscle relaxation: See Precautions. ARCI UCGFS Class 2 Drug. 0.088 mg/kg IV may paralyze skeletal muscles without causing respiratory depression, but higher doses cause apnea.

용량은 수의사 전문가를 위한 임상 참고자료입니다. 반드시 최신 약물 정보 및 개별 환자에 따라 확인하시기 바랍니다.

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개요

염화 숙시닐콜린은 초단기 작용형 탈분극성 골격근 이완제(마비제)입니다.

​주요 임상 요점:​

  • ​진통 또는 진정 효과 없음:​ 숙시닐콜린은 통증 완화나 의식 소실을 전혀 제공하지 않습니다. 환자는 완전히 깨어 있고 통증을 느낄 수 있지만 완전히 마비된 상태가 됩니다. 반드시 적절한 진정제, 마취제 및 진통제와 함께 사용해야 합니다.
  • ​호흡 지원 필수:​ 횡격막과 늑간근을 마비시키므로 약효가 사라질 때까지 기계적 환기가 필수적입니다.
  • ​임상적 용도:​ 주로 기관내 삽관(신속 연속 삽관), 수술/진단 절차를 위한 단기 근육 이완 또는 경련 중 근육 수축 감소에 사용됩니다.
  • ​종간 차이:​ 사람과 대부분의 동물에서는 작용 시간이 매우 짧지만(2-3분), 개에서는 특이하게 작용 시간이 연장(약 20분)되는 특징을 보입니다.
  • ​현대적 사용:​ 수의학에서의 사용은 부작용이 적고 역전이 가능한 비탈분극성 약물(예: 아트라쿠리움, 로쿠로늄)로 대체되는 추세입니다.

작용 기전

Succinylcholine acts as a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker.

  • ​Binding:​ It acts as a structural analog of acetylcholine (ACh) and binds to ​nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)​ at the motor endplate of the neuromuscular junction.
  • ​Depolarization:​ Unlike ACh, which is instantly degraded by acetylcholinesterase, succinylcholine remains bound, causing prolonged depolarization of the muscle membrane. This initial depolarization manifests clinically as transient muscle twitches (fasciculations).
  • ​Paralysis:​ Because the membrane cannot repolarize, it becomes unresponsive to subsequent ACh release → flaccid paralysis (Phase I block).
  • ​Metabolism:​ The blockade persists until succinylcholine diffuses away from the receptor and is rapidly hydrolyzed by plasma pseudocholinesterase (butyrylcholinesterase) in the blood.

안전성·주의사항

금기사항

  • Severe liver disease
  • Chronic anemias
  • Chronic malnourishment
  • Glaucoma or penetrating eye injuries
  • Predisposition to malignant hyperthermia
  • Increased CPK values with resultant myopathies
  • Recent use of organophosphate agents

부작용

  • Muscle soreness
  • Histamine release
  • Malignant hyperthermia
  • Excessive salivation
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Rash
  • Myoglobinemia
  • Myoglobinuria
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
  • Hypertension
  • Hypotension
  • Arrhythmias

주의

​CRITICAL WARNING:​ Succinylcholine has NO analgesic or anesthetic effects. It must be used with appropriate analgesic, sedative, and anesthetic agents. Mechanical ventilation is required.

  • ​Hyperkalemia Risk:​ Use with extreme caution in patients with traumatic wounds, burns, preexisting hyperkalemia, or electrolyte imbalances, as fatal arrhythmias or cardiac arrest may occur due to sudden potassium efflux from muscle cells.
  • ​Organ Dysfunction:​ Use with caution in patients with pulmonary, renal, cardiovascular, metabolic, or hepatic dysfunction.
  • ​Equine Specifics (AAEP Recommendations):​ Inform owners it is a restraining agent, not an anesthetic. Do not use if the horse has received 'mycin' antibiotics, organophosphates, cholinesterase inhibitors, or procaine within 30 days. Do not use in debilitated/exhausted horses. Withhold food 4-6 hours prior. Be prepared to administer oxygen and artificial respiration. Have a handler prevent the horse from falling forward.

약물 상호작용

Amphotericin B

May increase succinylcholine's effects by causing electrolyte imbalances

Digoxin

Succinylcholine may cause a sudden outflux of potassium from muscle cells, causing arrhythmias in digitalized patients

Opiates

Potential for increased incidences of bradycardia and sinus arrest

Thiazide Diuretics

May increase succinylcholine's effects by causing electrolyte imbalances

Aminoglycosides

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Inhalant Anesthetics (Isoflurane, Desflurane)

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Antiarrhythmics (Quinidine, Lidocaine, Procainamide)

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Beta-Adrenergic Blockers

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Corticosteroids

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Magnesium Salts

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade

Organophosphates

May increase or prolong neuromuscular blockade (Contraindicated)

모니터링

  • Level of muscle relaxation
  • Cardiac rate and rhythm (ECG)
  • Respiratory depressant effect (Apnea)
  • Oxygenation (Pulse oximetry) and Ventilation (Capnography)
  • Body temperature (risk of malignant hyperthermia)

약동학

반감기

Duration of action ≈ 20 minutes (prolonged compared to other species)

흡수

IV onset of action is usually within 30-60 seconds. IM onset is generally within 2-3 minutes.

분포

Diffuses away from the motor end plate. Crosses the placenta in low concentrations.

대사

Rapidly hydrolyzed by plasma pseudocholinesterases to succinylmonocholine (weak blocking activity) and choline.

배설

10% is excreted unchanged in the urine. Succinylmonocholine is partially excreted in the urine and may accumulate in renal impairment.

과다투여

Inadvertent overdoses, or standard doses in patients deficient in pseudocholinesterase, may result in prolonged apnea.

  • ​Treatment:​ Mechanical ventilation with 100% O2 must be maintained until full spontaneous recovery occurs.
  • ​Phase II Block:​ Repeated or prolonged high dosages may cause patients to convert from a depolarizing (Phase I) block to a non-depolarizing-like (Phase II) block.

제품

제형

  • Injection solution
  • Powder for infusion

인용의약품

  • Succinylcholine Chloride Injection: 20 mg/mL in 10 mL vials and 5 mL syringes
  • Succinylcholine Chloride Injection, Solution: 100 mg/mL in 5 mL & 10 mL vials
  • Succinylcholine Chloride Powder for Infusion: 500 mg & 1 gram in vials

규제 현황

규제 데이터 없음: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

보관·안정성

Commercial injectable solutions should be stored refrigerated (2°-8°C). Multiple dose vials of Anectine are stable up to 2 weeks at room temperature. Powder forms are stable indefinitely unopened at room temperature. Reconstituted powder is stable for 4 weeks at 5°C or 1 week at room temperature, but use within 24 hours is recommended as it contains no preservatives.

보호자 정보

이 약물은 임상 환경에서 훈련된 수의학 전문가만 사용해야 합니다.

  • ​중요:​ 이 약은 근육 마비제입니다. 호흡에 사용되는 근육을 포함하여 근육의 움직임을 멈추게 하지만, ​진통이나 진정 효과는 전혀 제공하지 않습니다​.
  • 이 약을 투여하기 전에 반려동물이 완전히 잠들고 통증을 느끼지 않도록 다른 약물이 먼저 투여됩니다.
  • 호흡 근육을 멈추게 하므로, 수의료진이 호흡 튜브를 삽입하고 약효가 완전히 사라질 때까지 인공호흡기를 사용하여 반려동물의 호흡을 도울 것입니다.

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