설파디메톡신/오르메토프림

강화 설파계 항균제

이 약물은 **강화 설파계 항균제**로, 감수성 있는 포도상구균 및 대장균에 의한 개 피부 및 연조직 감염 치료제로 FDA 승인을 받았습니다. 다른 설파제에 비해 부작용이 적을 수 있으며 1일 1회 투여가 가능합니다. **주의**: 전립선으로 잘 침투하지 못하므로 전립선 감염에는 효과적이지 않습니다.

작용 기전: Sulfadimethoxine/ormetoprim is **bactericidal** due to the synergistic, sequential inhibition of enzymes in the bacterial folic acid synthesis pathway. - **Sulfadimethoxine** (a sulfonamide) acts as a false substrate, competitively inhibiting the conversion of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) → dihydrofolic acid (DFA). - **Ormetoprim** (a diaminopyrimidine) blocks the subsequent conversion of DFA → tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA) by reversibly inhibiting the enzyme **dihydrofolate reductase**. This dual blockade halts bacterial thymidine synthesis, ultimately preventing DNA replication. It has a broad spectrum of activity against many Gram-positive (e.g., *Staphylococcus*, *Streptococcus*, *Nocardia*) and Gram-negative organisms (excluding *Pseudomonas aeruginosa*), as well as certain protozoa (*Pneumocystis*, *Coccidia*, *Toxoplasma*).

동물 종별 용량

Birds

Susceptible infections · Medicated premix: 113.5 grams sulfadimethoxine and 68.1 grams ormetoprim per pound in 50 lb bags · PO · Continuous in feed · Varies · FDA-approved for chickens (broilers, replacements), turkeys, ducks, & Chukar partridges. 5-day slaughter withdrawal. Do not feed to chickens over 16 weeks of age, or turkeys/ducks producing eggs for food.

Dogs

Susceptible infections (skin and soft tissue) · Initially 55 mg/kg (combined drug) PO on the first day of therapy, then 27.5 mg/kg PO once daily for at least 2 days after remission of clinical signs. Not approved for treatment longer than 21 days. · PO · q24h · Up to 21 days · Dose is based on combined drug weight.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

금기

Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides, thiazides, or sulfonylurea agents
Severe renal or hepatic impairment
Marked liver parenchymal damage
Blood dyscrasias
Doberman Pinschers (highly susceptible to sulfonamide-induced poly-systemic immune complex disease)

이상반응

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS/dry eye) - potentially irreversible
Acute neutrophilic hepatitis with icterus
Vomiting
Anorexia
Diarrhea
Fever
Hemolytic anemia
Urticaria
Polyarthritis
Facial swelling
Polydipsia and polyuria
Cholestasis
Hypersensitivity reactions (Type I anaphylaxis or Type III serum sickness)
Hypothyroidism (with extended use)
Crystalluria and hematuria (especially in cats)
Leukopenias and anemias

약물 상호작용

Various (Refer to Trimethoprim/Sulfa) · Specific interactions are not explicitly noted for this combination, but it is expected to share the interaction profile of trimethoprim/sulfa (e.g., potential antagonism with cyclosporine, increased risk of bleeding with anticoagulants).

모니터링

Clinical efficacy and resolution of infection
Adverse effects (especially signs of hypersensitivity or liver issues)
Tear production via Schirmer Tear Test in dogs (baseline, at 5 days post-initiation, and then every 2-3 weeks)

과용량

In experimental dog studies, doses **>80 mg/kg** resulted in slight tremors and increased motor activity. Higher doses may cause depression, anorexia, or seizures. **Treatment:** For very high oral overdoses, empty the gut using standard precautions and protocols. Treat clinical signs supportively and symptomatically.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.