ν μ€ν μ€ν λ‘
**ν μ€ν μ€ν λ‘ (Testosterone)** μ μ£Όμ λ΄μΈμ± μλλ‘κ² μ€ν λ‘μ΄λλ‘, μμνμμλ μ£Όλ‘ νΉμ νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ λ° μμ κ΄λ ¨ λͺ©μ μ μν΄ μ£Όμ¬μ© μμ€ν λ₯΄ μ μ κ° μ νμ μΌλ‘ μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. - **μλλ¬Ό**: μ£Όλ‘ μ€μ±νλ μμ»· κ°μ κ³ μμ΄μ **νΈλ₯΄λͺ¬ λ°μμ± μμ€κΈ** μΉλ£μ μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. λλ¬Όκ² μ€μ±νλ μμ»· κ°μ νΉμ μμΈ‘μ± νλͺ¨(νΌλΆμΌ) μΉλ£μλ μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. - **λλλ¬Ό**: μ μμμμλ λ°μ νμ§μ©(teaser) μλ₯Ό λ§λλ λ° μ¬μ©λ©λλ€. - **μμ ν**: κ°μΆμ μ±μ μ¦κ°λ λΆμ μΉλ£ λͺ©μ μΌλ‘μ ν¨κ³Όλ μΌλ°μ μΌλ‘ μ€λ§μ€λ¬μ΄ νΈμ λλ€. - **κ·μ **: ν μ€ν μ€ν λ‘ μ νμ λ¨λ°±λν μ€ν λ‘μ΄λλ‘ λΆλ₯λμ΄ **ν΅μ μ½λ¬Ό(C-III)**μ μν©λλ€.
μμ© κΈ°μ : Testosterone is highly lipophilic and diffuses across target cell membranes. In many tissues, it is converted by **5-alpha-reductase** β **dihydrotestosterone (DHT)**. Both testosterone and DHT bind to intracellular **androgen receptors** β the receptor complex translocates to the nucleus β binds to DNA hormone response elements β modulates gene transcription. - **Urethral Tone**: Helps maintain normal urethral muscle tone and mucosal integrity in neutered males. - **Anabolic Effects**: Increases protein anabolism and decreases catabolism β retention of nitrogen, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. - **Erythropoiesis**: Stimulates **erythropoietic stimulating factor (erythropoietin)** β increases red blood cell production. - **Endocrine Feedback**: Large exogenous doses exert negative feedback on the pituitary gland β inhibits **luteinizing hormone (LH)** and **follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)** β inhibits spermatogenesis.
λλ¬Ό μ’ λ³ μ©λ
- Infertility or reduced libido Β· 0.1-1 mg every other day or every third day for 3-5 injections IM or SC. Not indicated for testis descent. Β· IM/SC Β· every other day or every third day Β· 3-5 injections Β· Using either testosterone cypionate or propionate
- Testosterone-responsive urinary incontinence (may be used with phenylpropanolamine) in males Β· Testosterone propionate 5-10 mg IM as needed. Β· IM Β· as needed
- To produce an estrus-detector (teaser) animal (cull cows, heifers, steers) Β· Testosterone propionate 200 mg IM on day 1 and on days 4-9. On day 10, give 1 gram IM and attach a chinball marker and put with the breeding herd. To maintain the teaser give 1 gram booster every 10-14 days. Β· IM Β· varies
- To produce an estrus-detector (teaser) animal (cull cows, heifers, steers) Β· Alternatively, initially give testosterone enanthate 0.5 gram IM and 1.5 gram SC (divided in two separate locations). After 4 days attach chinball marker and put in with breeding herd. To maintain, give 0.5-0.75 gram SC every 10-14 days. Β· IM/SC Β· varies
- Testosterone-responsive urinary incontinence (may be used with phenylpropanolamine) in males Β· Testosterone propionate: approximately 2 mg/kg IM or SC 3 times per week. Testosterone cypionate: 200 mg IM once per month Β· IM/SC Β· 3 times per week / once per month
- Testosterone-responsive urinary incontinence Β· Testosterone propionate: 2.2 mg/kg IM q2-3 days. Testosterone cypionate: 2.2 mg/kg IM once per month Β· IM Β· q2-3 days / once per month
ν¬μ¬ κ²½λ‘
κΈκΈ°
- Known hypersensitivity to the drug
- Prostate carcinoma
- Pregnancy (FDA Category X / Papich Class D)
μ΄μλ°μ
- Perianal adenomas
- Perineal hernias
- Prostatic disorders (enlargement)
- Behavior changes (aggression)
- Polycythemia (at high doses)
- Oligospermia or infertility (in intact males with chronic use)
μ½λ¬Ό μνΈμμ©
- Corticosteroids Β· May enhance the edema associated with ACTH or adrenal steroid therapy
- Insulin / Oral Antidiabetic Agents Β· Testosterone may decrease serum glucose levels
- Propranolol Β· Testosterone cypionate may increase propranolol clearance
- Warfarin Β· Testosterone may increase anticoagulant effects
λͺ¨λν°λ§
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of incontinence, estrus detection behavior)
- Adverse effects (prostatic enlargement, aggression, perineal hernias)
- Hematocrit/PCV (for polycythemia with chronic use)
κ³Όμ©λ
No specific acute toxicity information is available. - **Chronic Overdose**: High dosages or chronic usage may result in oligospermia or infertility in intact males due to negative feedback on LH/FSH. - **Other Effects**: Polycythemia (excessive red blood cells) has been reported in humans receiving high dosages. - **Treatment**: Discontinue therapy and provide supportive care. Monitor hematocrit and prostatic size.
VetSheet μ½λ¬Ό λ νΌλ°μ€λ λ©΄ν μμ μ λ¬Έκ°λ₯Ό μν μμ μμ¬κ²°μ 보쑰 λꡬμ΄λ©°, μ λ¬Έμ νλ¨μ΄λ μ μ‘°μ¬μ μ΅μ λΌλ²¨μ λμ νμ§ μμ΅λλ€.