틸미코신

마크로라이드계 항생제

**틸미코신(Tilmicosin)**은 타일로신에서 합성된 반합성 **마크로라이드계 항생제**로, 주로 수의학에서 *Mannheimia haemolytica*, *Pasteurella multocida*, *Histophilus somni*와 관련된 소 및 양의 호흡기 질환(BRD) 치료에 사용됩니다. * **주요 특징**: * 지용성이 높아 조직 침투력이 뛰어납니다. **폐 조직**과 폐포 대식세포에 능동적으로 농축되어 호흡기 감염에 대한 표적 치료를 제공합니다. * 반추동물에게는 주로 **피하(SC)** 주사로 투여되며, 돼지에게는 약용 사료 첨가제로 투여됩니다. > **중대한 경고**: 틸미코신은 많은 종에서 안전역이 좁습니다. 사람, 돼지, 말, 낙타과 동물, 비인간 영장류에 우발적으로 주사할 경우 심각한 심혈관 독성으로 인해 **급속히 치명적**일 수 있습니다.

작용 기전: Tilmicosin exerts its bacteriostatic effect by penetrating the bacterial cell membrane and reversibly binding to the **50S ribosomal subunit**. * **Mechanism**: Binds to the **50S subunit** → blocks the exit tunnel for newly synthesized peptides → inhibits translocation of peptidyl-tRNA → **premature termination of bacterial protein synthesis**. * It exhibits time-dependent antibacterial activity and has a prolonged post-antibiotic effect (PAE), especially against respiratory pathogens. Its accumulation in macrophages allows it to be delivered directly to the site of infection via chemotaxis.

동물 종별 용량

Sheep

Susceptible infections · 10 mg/kg SC (not more than 15 mL per injection site). · SC · Single dose · Subcutaneous injection under the skin in the neck, or if not accessible, behind the shoulders and over the ribs is suggested. Do not use in lambs less than 15 kg of body weight.

Cattle

Treatment of pneumonic pasteurellosis · 10 mg/kg SC every 72 hours · SC · q72h · Subcutaneous injection under the skin in the neck, or if not accessible, behind the shoulders and over the ribs is suggested.
Susceptible infections · 10 mg/kg SC (not more than 15 mL per injection site) · SC · Single dose

SmallMammals

Susceptible infections (Rabbits) - Regimen 1 · 25 mg/kg SC once; repeat in 3 days if necessary. · SC · Once, repeat in 3 days PRN · Can cause weakness, pallor, tachypnea and sudden death. May cause acute death if given IV. SC injections can cause local swelling and necrosis.
Susceptible infections (Rabbits) - Regimen 2 · 5 mg/kg SC on day 0, if no reaction, give 10 mg/kg SC on days 7 and 14. · SC · Days 0, 7, 14 · 14 days · Can cause weakness, pallor, tachypnea and sudden death. May cause acute death if given IV. SC injections can cause local swelling and necrosis.

용량은 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 참고 자료입니다. 항상 최신 라벨과 개별 환자에 대해 확인하십시오.

투여 경로

SCPO (as medicated feed)

금기

Intravenous (IV) administration (can be fatal)
Use in automatically powered syringes
Injection in swine, non-human primates, horses, and camelids
Use in lactating ewes if milk is intended for human consumption
Use in veal calves
Use in female dairy cattle 20 months or older

이상반응

Local tissue reaction and trim loss (if given IM)
Edema at the site of subcutaneous injection
Severe cardiovascular toxicity (fatalities) if given IV
Fatalities in swine, non-human primates, and potentially horses if injected
Severe reactions in camelids

약물 상호작용

Epinephrine · Increased mortality associated with tilmicosin in swine.
Other Macrolides / Lincosamides · Potential cross-resistance and competitive binding at the 50S ribosomal subunit (extrapolated from erythromycin).

모니터링

Clinical efficacy (resolution of respiratory signs)
Injection site reactions
Slaughter withdrawal times (28 days for cattle/sheep injection; 7 days for swine feed)

과용량

The **cardiovascular system** is the primary target of acute toxicity, likely due to calcium channel blockade leading to negative inotropic effects, tachycardia, and fatal arrhythmias. * **Cattle**: Doses up to 50 mg/kg IM did not cause death, but SC doses of 150 mg/kg caused fatalities, as did IV doses of 5 mg/kg. * **Swine**: Doses as low as 10 mg/kg caused increased respiration, emesis, and seizures; 20 mg/kg IM caused death in most animals tested. * **Monkeys**: 10 mg/kg caused no signs of toxicity; 20 mg/kg caused vomiting; 30 mg/kg caused death. > **HUMAN EXPOSURE**: In cases of human injection, **contact a physician immediately**. Apply ice to the injection site. Emergency medical telephone numbers: 1-800-722-0987 or 1-317-276-2000.

VetSheet 약물 레퍼런스는 면허 수의 전문가를 위한 임상 의사결정 보조 도구이며, 전문적 판단이나 제조사의 최신 라벨을 대신하지 않습니다.