Cefadroxil

Cefadroxil is a broad-spectrum, **first-generation cephalosporin** antibiotic used primarily in veterinary medicine to treat susceptible bacterial infections of the skin, soft tissue, and genitourinary tract. Structurally related to penicillins, cephalosporins contain a beta-lactam ring that confers their bactericidal activity. First-generation cephalosporins like cefadroxil are characterized by excellent activity against most **gram-positive pathogens** (including *Staphylococcus pseudintermedius*, *Staphylococcus aureus*, and *Streptococcus* spp.) and variable, limited activity against gram-negative organisms (such as *E. coli* and *Proteus mirabilis*). **Clinical Pearl:** Cefadroxil shares a nearly identical spectrum of activity with cephalexin, another common first-generation cephalosporin. However, cefadroxil has a slightly longer half-life in dogs and cats, which sometimes allows for less frequent dosing (e.g., twice daily instead of three times daily), though it is generally more expensive than generic cephalexin.

กลไกการออกฤทธิ์: Cefadroxil is a **time-dependent, bactericidal** antibiotic. It exerts its effect by binding to specific **Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs)** located inside the bacterial cell wall. * Binding to PBPs → **Inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking** (the structural backbone of the bacterial cell wall) → Weakening of the cell wall → Activation of bacterial autolysins → **Cell lysis and death**. Because it is a time-dependent antibiotic, maintaining serum drug concentrations above the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for the majority of the dosing interval is critical for clinical efficacy.

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