Ceftiofur Sodium

Ceftiofur sodium is a **veterinary-specific, third-generation cephalosporin** antibiotic. It is widely utilized across multiple species for its broad-spectrum efficacy against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. **Key Clinical Highlights:** * **Primary Indications:** Highly effective for bovine and swine respiratory diseases, foot rot in cattle, and susceptible urinary tract infections (UTIs) and soft tissue infections in dogs and cats. * **Extra-label Use:** Frequently used off-label in exotic species (including reptiles, ratites, and elephants) and for various systemic infections in small animals. * **Safety Profile:** Generally safe, but can cause transient pain upon intramuscular (IM) injection. It carries a risk of hypersensitivity reactions, and caution is advised in patients with known beta-lactam allergies. * **Metabolism:** Rapidly converted in vivo to its active metabolite, desfuroylceftiofur, which maintains potent antibacterial activity.

กลไกการออกฤทธิ์: Ceftiofur is a **time-dependent, bactericidal** antibiotic. Upon administration, ceftiofur is rapidly cleaved → **furoic acid** and **desfuroylceftiofur** (the primary active metabolite). Desfuroylceftiofur → binds to **penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)** located inside the bacterial cell wall → inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by halting peptidoglycan cross-linking → weakens the structural integrity of the cell wall → leads to **cell lysis** and bacterial death.

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