Eprinomectin

Eprinomectin is a highly effective **avermectin antiparasitic agent** primarily used as a topical pour-on solution in cattle. It provides broad-spectrum control against various internal and external parasites, including gastrointestinal roundworms, lungworms, cattle grubs, lice, mange mites, and horn flies. - **Key Advantage**: When used as labeled in cattle, it requires **zero milk or meat withdrawal times**, making it highly convenient for dairy and beef operations. - **Off-label uses**: It has shown efficacy in treating *Psoroptic* mange in horses and ear mites (*Psoroptes cuniculi*) in rabbits. *Clinical Pearl*: As a macrocyclic lactone, it shares a similar safety profile to ivermectin but is specifically formulated for optimal topical absorption in ruminants.

กลไกการออกฤทธิ์: Eprinomectin exerts its antiparasitic effect by binding selectively to **glutamate-gated chloride ion channels** found in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells. - **Mechanism**: Binding → Increased cell membrane permeability to chloride ions → Hyperpolarization of the nerve/muscle cell → **Paralysis and death** of the parasite. - It also enhances the release of **gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)** at presynaptic neurons, which acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, blocking post-synaptic stimulation. - *Safety*: Mammals are generally unaffected because they lack glutamate-gated chloride channels, and macrocyclic lactones do not readily cross the mammalian blood-brain barrier (BBB) under normal conditions.

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