Pilocarpine

Pilocarpine is a direct-acting parasympathomimetic agent used primarily in veterinary ophthalmology. It stimulates cholinergic receptors, leading to ciliary body muscle contraction and miosis, which facilitates improved aqueous humour outflow and lowers intraocular pressure. While historically used for **glaucoma** management, it has largely been superseded by newer topical drugs like carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin analogues. Additionally, **oral pilocarpine** is utilized to stimulate lacrimation in dogs suffering from neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). > **Clinical Warning:** Pilocarpine is rarely used for ophthalmic purposes in cats due to a high risk of potential toxicity.

กลไกการออกฤทธิ์: Pilocarpine is a direct-acting parasympathomimetic that stimulates **cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors**. In the eye: Stimulates cholinergic receptors → **ciliary body muscle contraction** and **miosis** (pupil constriction) → opens the iridocorneal angle → improved aqueous humour outflow → **decreased intraocular pressure (IOP)**. Systemically/Orally: Stimulates exocrine glands → increased lacrimation and salivation.

ข้อมูลอ้างอิงยาของ VetSheet มีไว้สำหรับสัตวแพทย์ผู้มีใบอนุญาตเพื่อช่วยในการตัดสินใจทางคลินิก ไม่ใช่สิ่งทดแทนการวินิจฉัยของผู้เชี่ยวชาญหรือฉลากล่าสุดของผู้ผลิต