比沙可啶
瀉藥 (刺激性)
**比沙可啶**是一種刺激性瀉藥，在獸醫學中主要用於治療便秘，或在手術、X光攝影或內視鏡檢查前排空腸道。 * **臨床要點**：由於它是一種刺激性瀉藥，僅應作短期使用。長期使用可能導致依賴性、正常腸道功能喪失以及嚴重的電解質失衡。
作用機制: Bisacodyl acts directly on the **enteric nervous system**. * Stimulates mucosal sensory nerve endings → increases parasympathetic reflexes → enhances peristaltic contractions. * Alters fluid and electrolyte absorption → increases intestinal fluid accumulation, which helps soften the stool and facilitate evacuation.
各物種劑量
Dogs
- Constipation / Bowel Evacuation · PO · Listed for Dogs (D) in monograph index.
- Constipation · 5-15 mg/dog · PO/Rectal · prn · Empirical dose. Onset of action 6-10 hours (oral) or 15-60 minutes (rectal).
Cats
- Constipation / Bowel Evacuation · PO · Listed for Cats (C) in monograph index.
- Constipation · 2-5 mg/cat · PO/Rectal · prn · Empirical dose. Onset of action 6-10 hours (oral) or 15-60 minutes (rectal).
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
PORectal
禁忌症
- Intestinal obstruction
- Ileus
- Gastrointestinal bleeding
- Severe dehydration
不良反應
- Abdominal cramping
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Electrolyte imbalances (with chronic use)
藥物相互作用
- Antacids · Premature dissolution of the enteric coating, leading to severe gastric irritation and vomiting.
- H2-Receptor Antagonists (e.g., Famotidine) · Increased gastric pH may cause premature release of the drug in the stomach.
監測
- Fecal output and consistency
- Hydration status
- Electrolytes (if used for prolonged periods)
過量
Overdose may lead to severe diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and significant fluid and electrolyte loss (especially hypokalemia). Treatment is supportive, focusing on intravenous fluid therapy and electrolyte replacement.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。