克羅蘇隆
**克羅蘇隆 (Clorsulon)** 是一種高效、窄效的抗寄生蟲藥物，主要作為**殺吸蟲藥**使用。 - **主要適應症**：FDA 核准用於治療牛隻的未成熟與成蟲期肝吸蟲 (*Fasciola hepatica*) 感染。 - **標示外使用**：常被用於綿羊與駱駝科動物（如大羊駝）的吸蟲感染。 - **限制**：對小於 8 週齡的未成熟吸蟲及瘤胃吸蟲 (*Paramphistomum* spp.) 無效，且無法完全清除綿羊體內的巨大肝吸蟲 (*Fasciola magna*)。 > **臨床要點**：由於其抗菌譜較窄，克羅蘇隆常與巨環內酯類藥物（如伊維菌素 Ivermectin）合併製成複方，以提供針對線蟲與吸蟲的廣效驅蟲作用。
作用機制: Clorsulon exerts its flukicidal effect by disrupting the parasite's energy metabolism. - It competitively inhibits two key glycolytic enzymes in susceptible flukes: **3-phosphoglycerate kinase** and **phosphoglyceromutase**. - This blockade disrupts the **Emden-Myerhof glycolytic pathway** → depletes the fluke's primary metabolic energy source (ATP) → leads to paralysis and death of the parasite. - **Dose-dependent efficacy**: At 7 mg/kg, it kills migrating flukes (8 weeks post-infection); at 2 mg/kg, it only affects adult flukes (14 weeks post-infection).
各物種劑量
- Fasciola hepatica infections · 7 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose
- Fasciola hepatica infections · 7 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose · Deposit suspension over the back of the tongue
- Fasciola hepatica infections, round worms, lungworms, cattle grubs, sucking lice, mange mites · Inject 1mL per 110 lb. body weight SC behind the shoulder · SC · Single dose · Combination product with ivermectin
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Female dairy cattle of breeding age
- Dogs (for the ivermectin combination product)
- IV or IM administration (for the injectable product)
不良反應
- Local swelling at injection sites (with the injectable combination product)
監測
- Clinical efficacy
過量
Clorsulon is very safe when administered orally to cattle or sheep. Doses of up to 400 mg/kg have not produced toxicity in sheep. A dose that is toxic in cattle has also not been determined.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。