克羅蘇隆
Clorsulon
4-amino-6-trichloroethenyl-1,3-benzenedisulfonamide
別名: Curatrem · Ivomec Plus · Normectin Plus · MK-401
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
牛
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasciola hepatica infections | 7 mg/kg PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
| Fasciola hepatica infections, round worms, lungworms, cattle grubs, sucking lice, mange mites | Inject 1mL per 110 lb. body weight SC behind the shoulder | SC | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
- Fasciola hepatica infections: Deposit suspension over the back of the tongue
- Fasciola hepatica infections, round worms, lungworms, cattle grubs, sucking lice, mange mites: Combination product with ivermectin
羊
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fasciola hepatica infections | 7 mg/kg PO | PO | Single dose | — | 🌎 NA |
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
克羅蘇隆 (Clorsulon) 是一種高效、窄效的抗寄生蟲藥物，主要作為殺吸蟲藥使用。
- 主要適應症：FDA 核准用於治療牛隻的未成熟與成蟲期肝吸蟲 (Fasciola hepatica) 感染。
- 標示外使用：常被用於綿羊與駱駝科動物（如大羊駝）的吸蟲感染。
- 限制：對小於 8 週齡的未成熟吸蟲及瘤胃吸蟲 (Paramphistomum spp.) 無效，且無法完全清除綿羊體內的巨大肝吸蟲 (Fasciola magna)。
臨床要點：由於其抗菌譜較窄，克羅蘇隆常與巨環內酯類藥物（如伊維菌素 Ivermectin）合併製成複方，以提供針對線蟲與吸蟲的廣效驅蟲作用。
作用機制
Clorsulon exerts its flukicidal effect by disrupting the parasite's energy metabolism.
- It competitively inhibits two key glycolytic enzymes in susceptible flukes: 3-phosphoglycerate kinase and phosphoglyceromutase.
- This blockade disrupts the Emden-Myerhof glycolytic pathway → depletes the fluke's primary metabolic energy source (ATP) → leads to paralysis and death of the parasite.
- Dose-dependent efficacy: At 7 mg/kg, it kills migrating flukes (8 weeks post-infection); at 2 mg/kg, it only affects adult flukes (14 weeks post-infection).
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Female dairy cattle of breeding age
- Dogs (for the ivermectin combination product)
- IV or IM administration (for the injectable product)
不良反應
- Local swelling at injection sites (with the injectable combination product)
注意事項
- Dairy Cattle: No milk withdrawal time has been determined; labeled not for use in female dairy cattle of breeding age.
- Administration: The combination injectable product (Ivomec Plus®) must be administered subcutaneously only; do not give IV or IM.
- Species Warning: The manufacturer warns to use the combination product in cattle only, as severe reactions, including fatalities in dogs, may occur.
監測
- Clinical efficacy
藥物動力學
吸收
After oral administration to cattle, the drug is absorbed rapidly with peak levels occurring in about 4 hours.
分佈
Approximately 75% of the circulating drug is found in plasma and 25% in erythrocytes. At 8-12 hours after administration, clorsulon levels peak in the fluke.
過量
Clorsulon is very safe when administered orally to cattle or sheep. Doses of up to 400 mg/kg have not produced toxicity in sheep. A dose that is toxic in cattle has also not been determined.
可用產品
劑型
- Oral suspension/drench
- Injectable solution (in combination with ivermectin)
獸醫用
- Clorsulon 8.5% (85 mg/mL) Oral Drench (Curatrem®)
- Clorsulon 10% (100 mg/mL) and Ivermectin 1% (10 mg/mL) Injection (Ivomec® Plus, Normectin® Plus)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Unless otherwise instructed by the manufacturer, clorsulon should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C).
飼主須知
- 給藥方式：若使用口服懸浮液 (Curatrem®)，使用前請充分搖勻。
- 食安規定：必須嚴格遵守屠宰停藥期：口服懸浮液為 8 天，注射複方為 49 天。
- 乳牛限制：請勿將此藥物用於達繁殖年齡的母乳牛，以防乳汁殘留。
- 安全性：本藥物整體安全性極高，可用於懷孕或繁殖期動物。
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