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達那唑

Danazol

Synthetic derivative of ethisterone (ethinyl testosterone)

雄性激素 / 免疫調節劑PO狗貓

別名: Danocrine · Win-17757 · Anargil · Cyclomen · D-Zol · Danalem · Danazant · Danogen · Danokrin · Danol · Ectopal · Gonablok · Kendazol · Ladazol · Ladogal · Lisigon · Mastodanatrol · Norciden · Vabon · Winobanin · Zendol · Zoldan-A

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

5 mg/kg PO three times daily.PO· q8h
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (non-regenerative forms)5 mg/kg PO three times daily.POq8h—🌎 NA
Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia5 mg/kg PO 2-3 times per dayPOq8-12h—🌎 NA
Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia10 mg/kg/day PO. Once anemia improves, corticosteroids may be slowly tapered and eventually DC'd. When remission maintained by danazol alone, may lower to 5 mg/kg/day. Slowly taper after 2-3 months of normal hemograms with frequent monitoring of hemograms.POq24hLong-term🌎 NA
  • Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (non-regenerative forms): Used to reduce the dose of glucocorticoids needed for long-term therapy.
  • Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia: Rarely helpful. Costly and has limited effectiveness.
  • Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia or thrombocytopenia: Initially given in addition to prednis(ol)one.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Adjunctive treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia5 mg/kg PO twice dailyPOq12h—🌎 NA

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

達那唑是一種​合成雄性激素​。在獸醫學中，主要作為輔助免疫調節劑，用於治療犬貓的​免疫介導性溶血性貧血 (IMHA)​ 和 ​免疫介導性血小板減少症 (ITP)​。由於其療效不可預測且起效緩慢，通常在對糖皮質激素等標準療法產生抗藥性時才作為挽救療法使用。

作用機制

Danazol possesses weak androgenic, anabolic, and antiestrogenic properties. Its immunomodulatory effects are achieved through several mechanisms:

  • Fc Receptor Modulation: Reduces the affinity of autoantibodies for the mononuclear phagocytic system Fc receptors → decreases the macrophage-mediated destruction of antibody-coated red blood cells and platelets.
  • Steroid-Binding Globulin Competition: Competes with glucocorticoids for binding sites on ​corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)​ → increases the fraction of free, pharmacologically active glucocorticoids in circulation, enhancing their efficacy.
  • Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Suppression: Inhibits the synthesis of sex steroids and binds directly to sex steroid receptors in target tissues.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Pregnancy (Teratogenic - FDA Category X)
  • Nursing/breastfeeding
  • Severe cardiac function impairment
  • Severe renal function impairment
  • Severe hepatic function impairment
  • Undiagnosed abnormal vaginal bleeding

不良反應

  • Hepatotoxicity (rare but significant in dogs)
  • Virilization in females
  • Weight gain
  • Lethargy
  • Edema
  • Testicular atrophy
  • Hirsutism
  • Alopecia
  • Vaginitis (reported in humans)

注意事項

Warning: Danazol is highly teratogenic (FDA Category X) and must not be handled by pregnant women or used in pregnant animals.

  • Use with extreme caution in patients with pre-existing hepatic, renal, or cardiac dysfunction.
  • Laboratory Alterations: May alter thyroid panel results (decreased total T4, increased T3 uptake) without causing true hypothyroidism (free T4 and TSH remain normal).
  • ALT (SGPT) and AST (SGOT) may increase early in therapy but typically decrease towards baseline later in therapy or after discontinuation.

藥物相互作用

Cyclosporine

May significantly increase cyclosporine levels

Insulin

By affecting carbohydrate metabolism, danazol may affect insulin requirements (doses may need to be increased) in diabetic patients

Warfarin

Concomitant use may enhance the anticoagulant effect as danazol may decrease the synthesis of procoagulant factors in the liver

監測

  • Efficacy (CBC, platelets, reticulocyte count)
  • Hepatic function (baseline and at regular intervals while on therapy)

藥物動力學

吸收

Absorbed from the GI tract, but appears to be a rate-limited process (increasing the dosage does not yield a corresponding proportional increase in serum levels).

分佈

Distribution information is practically nonexistent; the drug apparently crosses the placenta.

代謝

Believed to be principally metabolized in the liver.

排除

Limited veterinary data available.

過量

No specific information was located regarding acute toxicity in animals. Significant overdoses should initially be handled by contacting an animal poison control center and initiating gut emptying protocols (emesis or gastric lavage, followed by activated charcoal) when applicable.

可用產品

劑型

  • Capsules

人用標示

  • Danazol Capsules: 50 mg, 100 mg, & 200 mg

各地核准狀態

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Danazol capsules should be stored in well-closed containers at room temperature.

飼主須知

這是一種免疫抑制藥物。​起效緩慢​：可能需要 2-3 個月才能看到明顯效果。​監測肝臟問題​：注意是否有黃疸（牙齦或眼白發黃）、食慾不振。​孕婦請勿接觸​：此藥物有致畸胎風險，懷孕婦女應避免接觸。

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