德舍瑞林
Deslorelin
Deslorelin acetate
別名: SucroMate · Ovuplant · Suprelorin · GnRH analog · Gonadorelin analog · Deslorelin acetate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contraceptive in male dogs | 4.7 mg implant SC every 6 months OR 9.4 mg implant SC every 12 months | SC | q6mo or q12mo | Continuous | 🌎 NA |
| Temporary chemical castration | 1 implant (4.7 mg or 9.4 mg) per male dog | SC | repeat after 6 or 12 months | 6 to 12 months depending on implant size | 🌍 EU |
- Contraceptive in male dogs: Implant in loose skin between lower neck and lumbar area; avoid implanting into fat. Pregnant women should not administer the implant.
- Temporary chemical castration: Dogs <10 kg may take up to 18 months to recover testosterone. Separation from females in heat required for first 6 weeks.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temporary chemical castration | 1 implant (4.7 mg) per male cat | SC | once | 2-4 years | 🌍 EU |
- Temporary chemical castration: Causes chemical castration for 2-4 years in tom cats.
馬
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Induction of ovulation (follicle 30-40 mm in diameter) | 1.8 mg (1 mL) | IM | Once | Single dose | 🌎 NA |
| Induction of ovulation (follicle >30 mm in diameter) | 1 implant (2.1 mg) | SC | Once | Remove after 48h | 🌎 NA |
- Induction of ovulation (follicle 30-40 mm in diameter): Administer in the neck. Shake vial well before drawing into syringe.
- Induction of ovulation (follicle >30 mm in diameter): Implant SC in the neck. Remove after approx 48 hours to prevent prolonged interovulatory interval. Alternative: Infuse 1 mL lidocaine into vulvar edge, insert implant beneath epithelium. Squeeze out after ovulation.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
醋酸德舍瑞林 (Deslorelin acetate) 是一種強效的合成促性腺素釋放素 (GnRH) 類似物。在獸醫學中，根據劑型和暴露時間的不同，它被用於兩個截然不同的目的：
- 短期使用（誘導排卵）： 在母馬中，短效注射懸浮液或可移除的植入劑被用來誘導並精確控制排卵時間，以提高繁殖成功率。
- 長期使用（藥物閹割/避孕）： 緩釋植入劑提供持續的 GnRH 刺激，最終會抑制生殖軸。這可用於公狗的可逆性避孕，以及標示外用於治療良性前列腺肥大 (BPH) 和已切除卵巢母狗的尿失禁。
臨床要點： 雖然並非所有地區都有明確標示，但德舍瑞林植入劑 (Suprelorin) 被廣泛認為是治療雪貂腎上腺疾病的黃金標準，也常被標示外用於特寵和動物園動物的繁殖控制。
作用機制
Deslorelin acts as an agonist at GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary gland. Its clinical effect depends entirely on the duration of administration:
- Acute Administration (Flare Effect): Initial binding to GnRH receptors stimulates a rapid surge in the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
- Pathway: Deslorelin → Pituitary GnRH receptors → ↑ LH/FSH surge → Induction of ovulation (in mares with mature follicles >30 mm).
- Continuous Administration (Downregulation): When provided as a sustained-release implant, the continuous presence of the GnRH analog overstimulates the receptors.
- Pathway: Continuous deslorelin → Internalization and downregulation of GnRH receptors → Profound suppression of LH and FSH secretion → Decreased production of gonadal steroids (testosterone/estrogen) → Reversible chemical castration/contraception.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Known hypersensitivity to deslorelin
- Horses intended for human consumption
- Intravenous (IV) administration
- Administration by pregnant women (implants)
不良反應
- Local swelling, pain, and elevated skin temperature at the injection/implant site (usually resolves within 5 days)
- Prolonged interovulatory period in mares if the 2.1 mg implant is not removed
- Initial transient increase in sexual behavior or clinical signs (flare effect) before suppression occurs (with long-acting implants)
注意事項
Important Handling Warning: Pregnant women should not handle or administer deslorelin implants due to the risk of accidental self-injection and potential disruption of human pregnancy.
- Mares: To prevent a prolonged interovulatory interval during subsequent diestrus, it is highly recommended to remove the 2.1 mg implant after ovulation (approximately 48 hours post-insertion).
- Administration: Do not administer intravenously (IV). When implanting dogs, avoid injecting into fat; place in loose skin between the lower neck and lumbar area.
監測
- Follicle size via ultrasound or rectal palpation (mares)
- Injection/implant site for severe swelling or reaction
- Resolution of clinical signs or reduction in testicular size (when used for contraception in dogs)
藥物動力學
吸收
In horses (2.1 mg implant), LH and FSH peak about 12 hours after implantation. Oral dosing in dogs (100 mcg/kg) demonstrated no increase in LH or FSH.
排除
In horses, LH and FSH return to pretreatment levels approximately 3-4 days after implantation.
過量
In mares receiving a single IM injection at 10X the recommended dose (18 mg), moderate tremors and hives were observed 6 hours after injection in one out of eight horses. If an inadvertent additional implant is administered, it should be removed upon detection if within 96 hours of implantation.
可用產品
劑型
- Suspension for Injection: 1.8 mg/mL
- Subcutaneous Implant: 2.1 mg
- Subcutaneous Implant: 4.7 mg
- Subcutaneous Implant: 9.4 mg
獸醫用
- Deslorelin Suspension for Injection 1.8 mg/mL (SucroMate Equine)
- Deslorelin 2.1 mg cylindrical implant (Ovuplant)
- Deslorelin Implants 4.7 mg (Suprelorin-6)
- Deslorelin Implants 9.4 mg (Suprelorin-12)
各地核准狀態
Approved for induction of temporary infertility in male dogs, male cats, and male ferrets.
POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine - Veterinarian)
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Deslorelin implants and injectable suspensions must be stored refrigerated (2-8°C or 36-46°F).
飼主須知
給馬主人的資訊（誘導排卵）：
- 此藥物有助於精確控制母馬的排卵時間，以達到最佳的配種成功率。
- 您可能會注意到注射部位有輕微腫脹或敏感，這通常會在 5 天內消退。
- 如果使用的是植入劑，您的獸醫可能需要在幾天後將其取出，以確保母馬未來的發情週期保持正常。
給狗主人的資訊（藥物避孕）：
- 這種植入劑的作用類似於「化學閹割」，會暫時停止精子製造並降低睪固酮。
-
注意： 在植入後的前幾週，荷爾蒙濃度下降之前，您可能會看到雄性行為（如騎乘或做記號）暫時增加。這是正常現象。
- 植入劑會慢慢溶解，除非發生嚴重的過敏反應，否則不需要取出。
- 安全警告： 孕婦絕對不應接觸或參與施打此植入劑的過程。
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