去氧皮質酮特戊酸酯 (DOCP)
Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate (DOCP)
Desoxycorticosterone pivalate
別名: Percorten-V · Cortiron · Zycortal · DOCP · deoxycorticosterone pivalate · deoxycorticosterone trimethyl-acetate · deoxycortone pivalate · deoxycortone trimethylacetate · desoxycorticosterone trimethyl-acetate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypoadrenocorticism | 2.2 mg/kg IM every 25 days | IM | q25d | — | 🌎 NA |
| Hypoadrenocorticism | Initially, inject 2.2 mg/kg IM or SC every 25 days. Reevaluate at 12 and 25 days after initial injection. If hyponatremia and/or hyperkalemia are noted at 12 days, increase dose by 10%. If they are noted at 25 days (but not on day 12), shorten dosing interval by 2 days. | IM/SC | q25d | — | 🌎 NA |
| Hypoadrenocorticism | 1.5-2.2 mg/kg IM q20-30 days | IM | q20-30d | — | 🌎 NA |
| Hypoadrenocorticism | Initially, 2.2 mg/kg IM q25 days. If electrolytes remain in normal range at 30 days, reduce dose by 10% a month. In our clinic, we have used a dose of DOCP as low as 1 mg/kg q30 days with good control of hypoadrenocorticism. | IM | q25-30d | — | 🌎 NA |
- Hypoadrenocorticism: Dosage requirements are variable and should be individualized to the patient.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maintenance therapy of hypoadrenocorticism | 2.2 mg/kg IM every 25 days plus prednisolone (0.25-1 mg/cat PO twice daily; if daily oral dosing not feasible, may give 10 mg of methylprednisolone acetate once a month IM) | IM | q25d | — | 🌎 NA |
| Maintenance therapy of hypoadrenocorticism | 10-12.5 mg (total dose) IM per month. Adjust dose based-upon follow-up serum electrolyte concentrations monitored every 1-2 weeks during initial maintenance period. Normal electrolyte values 2 weeks following injection, suggests adequate dosing, but does not provide information regarding duration of action. Prednisone at 1.25 mg PO once a day or IM methylprednisolone acetate 10 mg once a month can provide long-term glucocorticoid supplementation. | IM | monthly | — | 🌎 NA |
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
去氧皮質酮特戊酸酯 (DOCP) 是一種長效注射型鹽皮質激素，主要用於治療犬貓的典型腎上腺皮質機能減退症（愛迪生氏症）。
- 臨床要點： 與氟氫可的松 (fludrocortisone) 不同，DOCP 完全沒有糖皮質激素活性。因此，接受 DOCP 治療的患畜必須同時補充糖皮質激素（例如生理劑量的潑尼松或氫化可的松），特別是在面臨壓力或生病期間。
- 它被配製成微結晶儲庫型懸浮液，使其能緩慢溶解並具有延長的作用時間（通常為 21-30 天）。
作用機制
DOCP acts as an exogenous analog of aldosterone.
- Target Site: Acts primarily at the renal distal tubule and collecting ducts.
- Mechanism: Binds to mineralocorticoid receptors → upregulates Na+/K+ ATPase pumps and epithelial sodium channels (ENaC) → increases the absorption of sodium (Na+) and enhances potassium (K+) and hydrogen (H+) ion excretion.
- Requirement: To be effective, mineralocorticoids require a functioning kidney.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Congestive heart failure
- Severe renal disease
- Edema
不良反應
- Injection site irritation
- Polyuria (PU)
- Polydipsia (PD)
- Hypernatremia
- Hypokalemia
- Hypertension
- Edema
- Weight gain (fluid retention)
注意事項
CRITICAL WARNING: Do NOT administer intravenously (IV). Acute collapse and shock may result. If given IV, treat immediately for shock with IV fluids and glucocorticoids.
- Glucocorticoid Supplementation: DOCP lacks glucocorticoid activity. All animals with hypoadrenocorticism should receive additional glucocorticoids (2-10 times basal) during periods of stress or acute illness.
- Contraindications: Contraindicated in dogs suffering from congestive heart failure, severe renal disease, or edema.
- Pregnancy: Use in pregnant animals only when potential benefits outweigh risks (safe use not established). Safe for nursing offspring.
- Individualized Dosing: 'Cookbook' dosing without ongoing monitoring is inappropriate due to variable sensitivity.
藥物相互作用
Patients may develop hypokalemia if mineralocorticoids are administered concomitantly.
DOCP may reduce salicylate levels.
Because DOCP may cause hypokalemia, it should be used with caution and increased monitoring when used in patients receiving digitalis glycosides.
Potentially, DOCP could increase the insulin requirements of diabetic patients.
Patients may develop hypokalemia if administered concomitantly; as diuretics can cause a loss of sodium, they may counteract the effects of DOCP.
監測
- Serum electrolytes (Na+, K+)
- BUN and Creatinine (initially every 1-2 weeks, then once stabilized, every 3-4 months)
- Body weight
- Physical examination for edema
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Injected IM (or subcutaneously) as a microcrystalline depot for slow dissolution into the circulation.
過量
Overdosage may cause polyuria, polydipsia, hypernatremia, hypertension, edema, and hypokalemia. Cardiac enlargement is possible with prolonged overdoses. Excessive weight gain may be indicative of fluid retention secondary to sodium retention.
Treatment:
- Electrolytes should be aggressively monitored.
- Potassium may need to be supplemented.
- Discontinue the drug in patients until clinical signs associated with overdosage have resolved, then restart the drug at a lower dosage.
可用產品
劑型
- Injectable suspension: 25 mg/mL
獸醫用
- Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate Injectable Suspension: 25 mg/mL in 4 mL vials (Percorten-V®)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store the injectable suspension at room temperature and protect from light or freezing. Do not mix with any other agent.
飼主須知
- 注意愛迪生氏症危機： 飼主應熟悉與腎上腺皮質機能減退症相關的症狀（例如：虛弱、抑鬱、厭食、嘔吐、腹瀉等），若出現這些情況，請立即聯繫獸醫。
- 注意藥物過量： 藥物過量的跡象包括過度口渴和排尿 (PU/PD)、水腫或體重快速增加。
- 壓力期劑量調整： 在面臨壓力事件（如寄宿、看獸醫、生病）時，您的寵物可能需要額外口服類固醇（如潑尼松）。
- 居家注射： 如果在家中注射，抽藥前請用力搖晃藥瓶，確保巨結晶完全懸浮。請確保掌握正確的肌肉注射 (IM) 或皮下注射 (SC) 技巧。
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。