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地諾前列素

Dinoprost

Dinoprost tromethamine (Prostaglandin F2 alpha)

前列腺素類似物 / 子宮收縮劑SC狗貓

別名: Enzaprost · Lutalyse · Prostaglandin F2 alpha · PGF2a · Dinoprostum · Dinoprost tromethamine

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

0.1-0.25 mg/kgSC· q12h· until the uterus is empty; usually 3-5 days treatment required
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Open pyometra0.1-0.25 mg/kgSCq12huntil the uterus is empty; usually 3-5 days treatment required🌍 EU

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Open pyometra / Uterine contraction0.1 or 0.25 mg/kgSCq12-24h—🌍 EU

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

地諾前列素氨丁三醇是​前列腺素F2α (PGF2α)​的合成類似物。在獸醫學中，主要利用其促進子宮收縮及引發​子宮頸鬆弛​的作用，是治療​開放性子宮蓄膿​的重要藥物。

​警告：​ 孕婦及氣喘患者應嚴格避免接觸此藥物，以免引發支氣管痙攣或流產。

​臨床提示：​ 雖然小動物的主要適應症為開放性子宮蓄膿，但PGF2α也廣泛用於大動物的黃體溶解（使黃體退化），偶爾也用於小動物的終止妊娠。

作用機制

Dinoprost acts directly on the myometrium and corpus luteum.

  • Binds to specific FP receptors on smooth muscle cells.
  • → Increases intracellular calcium concentrations.
  • → Induces strong, rhythmic uterine contractions.
  • → Concurrently causes cervical relaxation to allow expulsion of uterine contents.
  • → Induces luteolysis (regression of the corpus luteum), leading to a rapid drop in progesterone levels.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Closed pyometra (due to severe risk of uterine rupture)
  • Pregnancy (unless abortion is the intended outcome)
  • Patients with respiratory disease/asthma (due to bronchoconstriction risk)

不良反應

  • Hypersalivation (drooling)
  • Panting
  • Tachycardia
  • Vomiting
  • Urination
  • Defecation
  • Transient hyperthermia
  • Locomotor incoordination
  • Mild CNS signs

注意事項

​Human Safety Warning:​ Pregnant women, asthmatics, and individuals with bronchial or other respiratory problems should strictly avoid handling this agent. Accidental spillage on the skin should be washed off immediately with soap and water to prevent transdermal absorption.

  • Side effects are very common but typically diminish within 30 minutes of drug administration.
  • There is no adverse effect on future fertility.

監測

  • Resolution of pyometra (via ultrasound and monitoring of vaginal discharge)
  • Heart rate and respiratory rate post-injection
  • Signs of excessive distress or hyperthermia

藥物動力學

半衰期

貓Minutes (very short)狗Minutes (very short)

吸收

Rapidly absorbed following subcutaneous or intramuscular injection.

分佈

Widely distributed but rapidly cleared.

代謝

Rapidly metabolized, primarily in the lungs (first-pass effect), to inactive metabolites.

排除

Excreted primarily via the kidneys (urine) and feces.

過量

Overdosage can lead to an exaggeration of the expected side effects, including severe vomiting, diarrhea, profound tachycardia, hyperthermia, and severe panting. In cases of closed pyometra, excessive doses or any use can cause uterine rupture and subsequent fatal peritonitis. Treatment is largely supportive as the drug has a very short half-life.

可用產品

劑型

  • Injectable: 5 mg/ml solution

獸醫用

  • Enzaprost 5 mg/ml solution for injection
  • Lutalyse 5 mg/ml solution for injection

各地核准狀態

United States✓ 已核准處方藥FDA/CVM
🐄 Cattle pigs🐴 Horses

Primarily approved for large animals; used off-label in small animals.

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥 · POM-VEMA
🐄 Cattle pigs🐴 Horses

POM-V classification in the UK/EU.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥 · POM-VVMD
🐄 Cattle pigs🐴 Horses

POM-V classification.

暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store according to manufacturer guidelines. Typically stored at room temperature (below 25°C). Protect from light.

飼主須知

​預期副作用：​ 注射後不久，寵物非常容易出現流口水、喘氣、心跳加快、嘔吐和腹瀉等症狀。 ​持續時間：​ 這些副作用通常在幾分鐘內開始，但屬於暫時性，通常在30分鐘內會完全消退。

​重大安全警告：​ 如果您在家中給藥，​孕婦和氣喘患者絕對不可接觸此藥物​。意外接觸可能導致流產或嚴重的氣喘發作。接觸後請務必徹底洗手。

VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。