地諾前列素
地諾前列素氨丁三醇是**前列腺素F2α (PGF2α)**的合成類似物。在獸醫學中，主要利用其促進子宮收縮及引發**子宮頸鬆弛**的作用，是治療**開放性子宮蓄膿**的重要藥物。 > **警告：** 孕婦及氣喘患者應嚴格避免接觸此藥物，以免引發支氣管痙攣或流產。 **臨床提示：** 雖然小動物的主要適應症為開放性子宮蓄膿，但PGF2α也廣泛用於大動物的黃體溶解（使黃體退化），偶爾也用於小動物的終止妊娠。
作用機制: Dinoprost acts directly on the myometrium and corpus luteum. * Binds to specific **FP receptors** on smooth muscle cells. * → Increases intracellular calcium concentrations. * → Induces strong, rhythmic **uterine contractions**. * → Concurrently causes **cervical relaxation** to allow expulsion of uterine contents. * → Induces luteolysis (regression of the corpus luteum), leading to a rapid drop in progesterone levels.
各物種劑量
- Open pyometra / Uterine contraction · 0.1 or 0.25 mg/kg · SC · q12-24h
- Open pyometra · 0.1-0.25 mg/kg · SC · q12h · until the uterus is empty; usually 3-5 days treatment required
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Closed pyometra (due to severe risk of uterine rupture)
- Pregnancy (unless abortion is the intended outcome)
- Patients with respiratory disease/asthma (due to bronchoconstriction risk)
不良反應
- Hypersalivation (drooling)
- Panting
- Tachycardia
- Vomiting
- Urination
- Defecation
- Transient hyperthermia
- Locomotor incoordination
- Mild CNS signs
監測
- Resolution of pyometra (via ultrasound and monitoring of vaginal discharge)
- Heart rate and respiratory rate post-injection
- Signs of excessive distress or hyperthermia
過量
Overdosage can lead to an exaggeration of the expected side effects, including severe vomiting, diarrhea, profound tachycardia, hyperthermia, and severe panting. In cases of closed pyometra, excessive doses or any use can cause **uterine rupture** and subsequent fatal peritonitis. Treatment is largely supportive as the drug has a very short half-life.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。