達特南
Dinotefuran
(RS)-1-methyl-2-nitro-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl)guanidine
別名: Vectra 3D · Dinetofuran
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flea, tick, and flying insect control | 6.4 mg dinotefuran/kg, 0.6 mg pyriproxyfen/kg and 46.6 mg permethrin/kg | topical | q4w | Continuous during parasite season | 🌍 EU |
- Flea, tick, and flying insect control: Apply topically to the skin as a spot-on. Vectra 3D formulation.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
達特南是一種第三代新菸鹼類殺蟲劑，在獸醫學中主要用作局部外用的成蚤殺滅劑。臨床提示： 在犬隻中，通常與百滅寧（Permethrin，一種除蜱/蚊的除蟲菊酯）和百利普芬（Pyriproxyfen，一種昆蟲生長調節劑）結合使用，以提供廣效的體外寄生蟲控制。
警告： 含有百滅寧的產品（如 Vectra 3D）對貓具有高度毒性。
作用機制
Dinotefuran acts as an agonist at insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). It binds continuously to these receptors → causes continuous nerve stimulation → leads to tremors, paralysis, and death of the insect.
Synergistic activity is observed when combined with permethrin in vitro and in vivo.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Cats (specifically for permethrin-containing combination products like Vectra 3D)
- Known hypersensitivity to neonicotinoids
不良反應
- Application site reactions (erythema, pruritus, alopecia)
- Lethargy
- Gastrointestinal upset if ingested (hypersalivation, vomiting)
注意事項
Extremely toxic to cats if using the permethrin combination (Vectra 3D). Keep treated dogs away from cats until the application site is completely dry. Do not apply to broken skin. Prevent the animal from licking the application site.
監測
- Efficacy of parasite control
- Application site for irritation or erythema
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Minimal systemic absorption following topical application; distributes primarily over the body surface.
分佈
Translocates across the skin surface via sebum and hair follicles.
代謝
Minimal in the mammalian host.
排除
Eliminated primarily through the natural shedding of hair and skin cells.
過量
Overdose of topical dinotefuran alone is generally well tolerated in dogs. However, ingestion or massive overdose of combination products containing permethrin can lead to pyrethroid toxicity (tremors, seizures, hypersalivation, hyperthermia). Treatment is supportive (e.g., methocarbamol for tremors, bathing with dish soap to remove unabsorbed product).
可用產品
劑型
- Topical spot-on solution (often combined with pyriproxyfen and permethrin)
獸醫用
- Vectra 3D spot-on solution for dogs (dinotefuran/pyriproxyfen/permethrin in 5 sizes)
各地核准狀態
Regulated by EPA as a pesticide rather than FDA in the US.
Vectra 3D is approved for dogs.
Classified as POM-V (Prescription Only Medicine - Veterinarian).
暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep in original packaging until use.
飼主須知
將滴劑直接點在皮膚上，需撥開毛髮。使用後至少 48 小時內不要給狗洗澡。
極度重要： 如果使用 Vectra 3D（含有百滅寧），絕對不可用於貓咪，且在滴劑乾燥前應將貓咪與治療過的狗隔離，因為它對貓咪具有高度毒性甚至致命。
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