多庫酯鈉 / 多庫酯鈣
Docusate Sodium / Docusate Calcium
Dioctyl sodium succinate, Dioctyl calcium succinate
別名: Colace · Surfak · Diocto · Silace · ex-lax Stool Softener · Co-danthrusate · Docusol · DulcoEase · Norgalax · Waxsol · Dioctyl sodium succinate · Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate · Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate · DSS · DOSS · Docusatum natricum · Dioctyl calcium succinate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constipation | 50-100 mg (total dose) | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 25 mg | PO | once to twice daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 50 mg | PO | once to twice daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | Two to three 50 mg capsules or one 240 mg capsule | PO | once daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | One or two 50 mg capsules | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium; Small Dogs
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium; Medium/large Dogs
- Constipation: Docusate Calcium
- Constipation: Docusate Calcium
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constipation | 50 mg | PO | per day | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 5-10 mL of Colace | Enema | as needed | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 50 mg | PO | as needed | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 1-2 pediatric suppositories | PR | as needed | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 50 mg | PO | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Constipation | 50 mg | PO | once daily | — | 🌎 NA |
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Sodium
- Constipation: Docusate Calcium
馬
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Large colon impaction (to soften) | 6-12 g/500 kg diluted in 2-4 liters of water | Nasogastric tube | q12-24h | — | 🌎 NA |
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
多庫酯 (Docusate)（有鈉鹽或鈣鹽形式）是一種潤膚性瀉藥和表面活性劑型糞便軟化劑。
- 主要用途：用於小動物以緩解便秘，特別是在排出堅硬糞便會引起疼痛或有害的情況下（例如：肛門直腸手術後、骨盆骨折）。
- 馬匹用途：單獨使用或與礦物油結合使用，治療馬匹的大結腸糞便嵌塞。
- 臨床要點：多庫酯不會顯著刺激胃腸道蠕動；相反，它促進糞便團塊軟化，使其更容易排出。
作用機制
Docusate acts primarily as an anionic surfactant (detergent).
- Surface Tension Reduction: It lowers the surface tension of the stool → allows water and dietary fats to penetrate the ingesta and formed feces → softens the fecal mass.
- Secretory Effect: In vivo studies show docusate increases cAMP concentrations in colonic mucosal cells → stimulates ion secretion (such as chloride) and increases fluid permeability from these cells into the colon lumen → further hydrates the stool.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Pre-existing fluid or electrolyte abnormalities (use with caution)
不良反應
- Cramping
- Diarrhea
- Intestinal mucosal damage (especially at high doses)
- Throat irritation (liquid preparations)
- Bitter taste (can cause hypersalivation/foaming in cats)
注意事項
Use with caution in patients with pre-existing fluid or electrolyte abnormalities; monitor closely.
Warning: Overdoses in horses can be serious and potentially fatal, leading to severe dehydration and intestinal mucosal damage.
藥物相互作用
Theoretically enhances absorption of mineral oil. Not a significant concern in large animals, but concurrent use in dogs/cats is not recommended. If both are necessary in small animals, separate doses by at least 2 hours.
監測
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of constipation/impaction)
- Hydration status
- Electrolyte status (if indicated or in high doses)
藥物動力學
吸收
Unknown exact amount absorbed after oral administration, but it is believed that some is absorbed from the small intestine.
排除
Excreted into the bile.
過量
In horses, single doses of 0.65-1 g/kg have caused dehydration, intestinal mucosal damage, and death. Maximum therapeutic dosages of up to 0.2 g/kg have been reported.
- Clinical Signs (Horses): Begin 1-2 hours after dosing. Initial signs include restlessness and increased intestinal sounds, followed by increased respiratory and cardiac rates. Abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, and dehydration can occur, deteriorating over hours to days to lateral recumbency and death.
- Treatment: Supportive care. Because of the secretory effects of high doses, hydration and electrolyte status must be monitored and corrected. GI protectants, bicarbonate, corticosteroids, and antiendotoxemic agents (NSAIDs) have been suggested as potentially helpful.
可用產品
劑型
- Soft-gel capsules
- Oral syrup
- Oral liquid
- Enema
- Suppositories
- Bloat preparation liquid
獸醫用
- Bloat Treatment (Durvet) - 240 mg/1 fl. oz
- Dioctynate (Butler) - 5% enema solution
- Disposable Enema (Vedco) - 250 mg/12 mL
- Pet-Enema (Phoenix)
- Enema SA (Butler)
- Docu-Soft Enema (Life Science)
- Veterinary Surfactant (oral liquid 5%)
人用標示
- ex-lax Stool Softener (100 mg tablets)
- Dioctyn
- Colace (50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg capsules; syrup; liquid)
- D-S-S
- Phillips' Liqui-Gels
- Sof-lax
- Docu
- Silace
- Diocto
- Stool Softener DC
- Surfak Liquigels (240 mg calcium capsules)
- DC Softgels
各地核准狀態
Available as P (Pharmacy) and GSL (General Sales List) in the UK/EU.
Classified as P (Pharmacy) and GSL (General Sales List).
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Capsules should be stored in tight containers at room temperature. Temperatures above 86°F (30°C) can soften or melt soft gelatin capsules. Solutions should be stored in tight containers, and syrup in tight, light-resistant containers.
飼主須知
- 給藥方式：除非獸醫另有指示，否則請在寵物空腹時給予此藥物。
- 味道警告：液體製劑非常苦。特別是貓咪，如果給予液體形式，可能會流口水或口吐白沫。
- 需要耐心：可能需要連續使用 1 到 3 天才能看到完全的糞便軟化效果。
- 安全性：未經獸醫明確批准，請勿與其他瀉藥（尤其是礦物油）結合使用。
注意：確保您的寵物能隨時喝到新鮮的飲用水，因為保持水分對於此藥物發揮功效至關重要。
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