氟比洛芬
氟比洛芬是一種局部眼用非類固醇抗發炎藥 (NSAID)。主要用於預防眼內手術（如白內障手術）期間的術中瞳孔縮小，以及治療眼部發炎。 **臨床提示：** 雖然在控制前葡萄膜炎和預防手術引起的瞳孔縮小方面非常有效，但局部 NSAID 藥物（如氟比洛芬）可能會延遲角膜上皮癒合，在已有角膜潰瘍的患者中應極度謹慎使用。
作用機制: Inhibits **cyclooxygenase (COX)** enzymes, thereby blocking the synthesis of **prostaglandins** from arachidonic acid. → Reduces ocular inflammation and provides analgesic action. → Prevents prostaglandin-mediated miosis (constriction of the iris sphincter) during intraocular surgery, acting independently of cholinergic mechanisms.
各物種劑量
- Prevention of intraocular surgical miosis · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) · Topical · Every 30 minutes for 4 doses prior to surgery · Pre-operative · Standard pre-surgical protocol
- Ocular inflammation (uveitis) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) · Topical · q6h to q12h · As directed by veterinarian · Monitor for corneal ulceration
- Prevention of intraocular surgical miosis · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) · Topical · Every 30 minutes for 4 doses prior to surgery · Pre-operative · Standard pre-surgical protocol
- Ocular inflammation (uveitis) · 1 drop in the affected eye(s) · Topical · q6h to q12h · As directed by veterinarian · Monitor for corneal ulceration
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Hypersensitivity to flurbiprofen or other NSAIDs
- Active corneal ulceration (relative contraindication)
- Bleeding disorders
- Hypersensitivity to NSAIDs
- Active intraocular bleeding
- Corneal ulceration (use with extreme caution)
- Epithelial herpes simplex keratitis
不良反應
- Transient ocular stinging or burning upon application
- Delayed corneal healing
- Increased risk of ocular bleeding during surgery
- Corneal melting (rare but severe)
- Transient stinging or burning upon instillation
- Ocular irritation
- Increased bleeding tendency of ocular tissues (rare)
藥物相互作用
- Topical Corticosteroids · Concurrent use may increase the risk of delayed corneal healing and severe complications such as corneal melting. · moderate
- Topical Prostaglandin Analogues (e.g., Latanoprost) · NSAIDs may blunt the intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy of topical prostaglandins. · minor
- Topical prostaglandins (e.g., Latanoprost) · NSAIDs may decrease the intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy of topical prostaglandin analogues. · minor
監測
- Resolution of ocular inflammation (flare and cells in the anterior chamber)
- Intraocular pressure (IOP)
- Corneal integrity (via fluorescein staining)
- Resolution of ocular inflammation
- Maintenance of pupillary dilation during surgery
- Corneal integrity (via fluorescein staining) if used long-term
過量
Topical overdose is unlikely to cause systemic toxicity due to the small volume administered. Ocular overdosage may lead to increased local irritation, hyperemia, and delayed corneal healing. If significant overexposure occurs, flush the eye with sterile saline.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。