釓噴酸
放射線造影劑 - MRI造影劑
釓噴酸是一種線性離子型順磁性釓螯合物,用作磁共振造影 (MRI) 的對比劑。用於識別異常血管化區域、勾勒腫塊輪廓,並顯示血腦屏障的破壞和發炎區域。
作用機制: Gadolinium is a paramagnetic agent that exerts its effects due to **seven unpaired electrons** → causes a shortening of **T1 and T2 relaxation times** of adjacent tissues → results in increased signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images.
各物種劑量
Dogs
- MRI examination (CNS, whole body) · 0.1 mmol/kg · IV · single dose · Repeat doses up to 0.3 mmol/kg total may be helpful in some cases · Give as bolus if performing MRA, dynamic contrast or liver studies. Enhancement visible up to 45-60 minutes post-administration.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
IVIntra-articular
禁忌症
- Severe renal impairment
不良反應
- Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (reported in humans)
- Prolonged QT interval
- Arrhythmias
- Tissue irritation and necrosis if extravasated
- Anaphylaxis (rare, 0.001%-0.01% in humans)
- Transient increase in serum bilirubin
藥物相互作用
- Class 1a antiarrhythmics · Potential interaction affecting cardiac rhythm · moderate
- Class 3 antiarrhythmics · Potential interaction affecting cardiac rhythm · moderate
監測
- Cardiac rhythm (in case of overdose)
- Renal function
過量
Accidental overdosage may lead to an increase in QT interval and other arrhythmias. **Cardiac monitoring** is recommended in the event of an overdose.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。