戈那瑞林
Gonadorelin
Gonadorelin diacetate tetrahydrate / Gonadorelin hydrochloride
別名: Cystorelin · Fertagyl · Factrel · Fertalin · Ovacyst · follicle stimulating hormone-releasing factor · GnRH · gonadoliberin · gonadorelinum · gonadotrophin-releasing hormone · LH/FSH-RF · LH/FSH-RH · LH-RF · LH-RH · luliberin · luteinising hormone-releasing factor
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
經審核的 v13 劑量證據
結構化劑量計算證據Improvement in semen quality (extra-label)
須由已驗證獸醫確認
替代給藥時間表（只選其一）
- once
- q7d
NA
必須同時考慮的臨床上下文 (2)
- Most gonadorelin products (Factrel®, Fertagyl®, and GONABreed®) should be refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for long-term storage. One product (Cystorelin®) should be stored at or below 25°C (77°F), with brief excursions to 30°C (86°F) permitted. Discard dates for in-use vials vary by manufacturer:
- ■ GONABreed®: 180 days after first use, and in-use vials may be stored at temperatures up to 25°C (77°F)
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
戈那瑞林是一種合成的下丘腦荷爾蒙（GnRH類似物），在獸醫學中主要用於治療生殖系統疾病，如乳牛的卵巢濾泡囊腫。
主要特點：
- 作用時間極短（僅數分鐘）。
- 在小動物中常以仿單標示外（off-label）方式用於診斷（例如區分已去勢與未去勢動物、確認隱睪）以及誘導發情或排卵。
- 用於經濟動物時，無須停藥期（不影響屠宰或泌乳）。
- 安全性極高，幾乎無不良反應報告。
作用機制
Gonadorelin acts as a synthetic GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone) → binds to receptors on the anterior pituitary gland → stimulates a surge-like release of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH (Luteinizing Hormone).
- In females (cows, ewes, cats), this LH surge can induce ovulation or luteinization of cystic follicles.
- In males, it stimulates testosterone release, which is useful for diagnostic stimulation testing.
- Note: A constant infusion initially stimulates LH/FSH release, but eventually causes receptor downregulation and levels return to baseline.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- None noted on the label
不良反應
- None reported
- Hypersensitivity reactions are highly unlikely with synthetic preparations
注意事項
None are noted on the label. In humans, the FDA categorizes this drug as category B for use during pregnancy.
監測
- Clinical efficacy (e.g., resolution of cystic ovaries, induction of estrus)
- Serum progesterone levels (for ovarian remnant or cystic ovary verification)
- Serum testosterone levels (for cryptorchidism/castration testing)
藥物動力學
分佈
Rapidly distributed to extracellular fluid. Distribution half-life of about 2 minutes in pigs.
代謝
Metabolized into inactive peptide fragments. In humans, approximately half the dose is excreted in urine as metabolites within one hour.
排除
Eliminated in urine and feces.
過量
In doses of up to 120 micrograms/kg, no untoward effects were noted in several species of test animals. Gonadorelin is unlikely to cause significant adverse effects after inadvertent overdosage.
可用產品
劑型
- Injection
獸醫用
- Gonadorelin (diacetate tetrahydrate) for Injection: 50 micrograms/mL, 2 mL single-use or 10 mL multi-dose vials (Cystorelin, Fertagyl, Fertalin, Ovacyst)
- Gonadorelin HCl Solution for Injection: 50 micrograms/mL in 2 mL single-use, and 20 mL multi-dose vials (Factrel)
人用標示
- Gonadorelin HCl Powder for Injection (lyophilized): 100 micrograms/vial & 500 micrograms/vial with 2 mL sterile diluent (Factrel)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store in the refrigerator (2-8°C). Because bacterial contamination can inactivate the product, multi-dose vials should be used completely and as rapidly as possible.
飼主須知
僅限獸醫施打：此藥物通常由獸醫師在診所內施打，用於生殖系統的診斷或治療。
- 用途：用於診斷隱睪症、檢查母犬貓結紮後是否有卵巢組織殘留，或治療特定的生殖系統疾病。
- 安全性：它是天然荷爾蒙的合成版本，安全性極高，目前在寵物身上沒有已知的副作用。
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。