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氫化可的松

Hydrocortisone

局部皮質類固醇（低效）topicalPOIVIMTopical狗貓

別名: Corticalm · Sulfodene HC · Zymox · Dermacool HC · Cortisoothe · Efcortesol · Solu-cortef · Cortisol

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

Initially used sparingly 1-4 times per day and then frequency is tapered when control is achieved. Shampoos: once a day to once a week (leave on 10 mins).topical· q6-24h· < 2 months

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各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Focal or multifocal pruritic/inflammatory lesionsInitially used sparingly 1-4 times per day and then frequency is tapered when control is achieved. Shampoos: once a day to once a week (leave on 10 mins).topicalq6-24h< 2 months🌎 NA

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Focal or multifocal pruritic/inflammatory lesionsInitially used sparingly 1-4 times per day and then frequency is tapered when control is achieved. Shampoos: once a day to once a week (leave on 10 mins).topicalq6-24h< 2 months🌎 NA

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

被認為是一種低效局部皮質類固醇，氫化可的松可用於局部瘙癢和/或炎症的輔助治療。與高效皮質類固醇相比，其風險顯著較低，是治療大面積或小型患者的合理首選。

作用機制

Corticosteroids are non-specific anti-inflammatory agents. They act by inducing ​phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins (lipocortins)​ in cells → reducing the formation, activity, and release of endogenous inflammatory mediators (e.g., histamine, prostaglandins, kinins).

They also reduce DNA synthesis via an anti-mitotic effect on epidermal cells and inhibit the migration of leukocytes and macrophages to the area, reducing erythema, pruritus, and edema.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Tuberculosis of the skin
  • Pregnancy (relative contraindication)
  • Pregnant animals
  • Renal disease (systemic use generally contraindicated)
  • Diabetes mellitus (systemic use generally contraindicated)

不良反應

  • Skin atrophy (with long-term use)
  • Skin fragility
  • Superficial follicular cysts (milia)
  • Comedones
  • HPA axis suppression (rare, but possible with long-term use)
  • Weight loss (catabolic effect)
  • Cutaneous atrophy
  • Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (PU/PD, elevated liver enzymes)
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhoea
  • Gastrointestinal ulceration
  • Increased urine glucose levels
  • Decreased serum T3 and T4 values
  • Hypothalamic-pituitary axis suppression (with prolonged use)
  • Adrenal atrophy
  • Impaired wound healing
  • Delayed recovery from infections
  • Brain damage (if hyponatraemia is corrected excessively rapidly)

注意事項

Important: Clients should wash hands after application or wear gloves. Avoid contact with eyes. Do not allow the animal to lick or chew at affected sites for at least 20-30 minutes after application.

Residual activity may affect intradermal or allergy serum tests; stop use 2 weeks prior to allergy testing.

藥物相互作用

NSAIDsMajor

Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration

InsulinMajor

Glucocorticoids antagonize the effect of insulin

PhenobarbitalModerate

May accelerate the metabolism of corticosteroids

ItraconazoleModerate

May decrease the metabolism of corticosteroids

AcetazolamideModerate

Increased risk of hypokalaemia

Amphotericin BMajor

Increased risk of hypokalaemia

FurosemideModerate

Increased risk of hypokalaemia

Thiazide diureticsModerate

Increased risk of hypokalaemia

監測

  • Resolution of clinical signs (pruritus, erythema)
  • Signs of skin atrophy or secondary infection
  • Serum electrolytes (especially Sodium and Potassium)
  • Liver enzymes
  • Blood and urine glucose
  • Clinical signs of GI ulceration
  • Thyroid panel (T3, T4) if indicated

藥物動力學

吸收

Systemic absorption is rare but possible with long-term use over large areas.

過量

Overdose via topical application is unlikely, but chronic overuse can lead to iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's syndrome) and HPA axis suppression.

可用產品

劑型

  • Lotion
  • Wipes
  • Ointment
  • Spray
  • Shampoo
  • Topical cream (0.5%, 1%)
  • Topical solution (1%)
  • Injectable solution (25 mg/ml)
  • Injectable powder for reconstitution (100 mg, 500 mg)
  • Oral tablets (10 mg, 20 mg)

獸醫用

  • Corticalm Lotion 1%
  • Sulfodene HC Anti-Itch Lotion 0.5%
  • Zymox Topical Cream/Wipes/Spray 1%
  • Dermacool HC Spray 1%
  • Cort/Astrin Solution 1%
  • Cortisoothe Shampoo

人用標示

  • Hydrocortisone Ointment 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%
  • Hydrocortisone Cream 0.5%, 1%
  • Hydrocortisone Spray 1%
  • Efcortesol
  • Solu-cortef
  • Hydrocortisone 10 mg, 20 mg tablets
  • Hydrocortisone 0.5%, 1% creams

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM (Prescription Only Medicine)

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM-V

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

飼主須知

塗抹後請洗手或戴手套。避免接觸眼睛。塗抹後至少20-30分鐘內，請勿讓寵物舔舐或啃咬患處。

VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。