羥丙甲纖維素
Hypromellose
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
別名: Isopto Plain · Tears Naturale (combination) · Genteal · Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose · HPMC
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) / Ocular lubrication | 1-2 drops per affected eye | Topical (Ophthalmic) | q4h to q12h (or as frequently as needed) | Ongoing | 🌍 EU |
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) / Ocular lubrication: Frequency depends on the severity of dry eye. May be used as often as every 1-2 hours in severe cases.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ocular lubrication | 1-2 drops per affected eye | Topical (Ophthalmic) | q4h to q12h (or as frequently as needed) | Ongoing | 🌍 EU |
- Ocular lubrication: Frequency depends on the severity of dry eye.
小型哺乳類
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ocular lubrication (e.g., during anesthesia or for exophthalmos) | 1 drop per eye | Topical (Ophthalmic) | As needed | Ongoing | 🌍 EU |
- Ocular lubrication (e.g., during anesthesia or for exophthalmos): Useful to prevent corneal desiccation during anesthesia.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
羥丙甲纖維素是一種基於纖維素的水性淚液替代品，用於替代三層淚膜中的水性成分。它作為一種擬淚劑，可提供潤滑並緩解眼部乾燥。
臨床提示： 常用於動物的乾眼症（KCS）管理，通常與環孢素或他克莫司等淚液刺激劑合併使用。由於它是水性替代品，與較黏稠的眼藥膏或凝膠相比，需要更頻繁地使用。
作用機制
Hypromellose is a hydrophilic polymer that acts as a lacrimomimetic. It increases the viscosity of tears and prolongs corneal contact time.
Cellulose-based polymer → binds to existing tears → stabilizes the aqueous layer of the trilaminar tear film → prevents rapid tear evaporation and provides mechanical lubrication to the cornea and conjunctiva.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Hypersensitivity to hypromellose or any component of the formulation (such as preservatives like benzalkonium chloride in multi-dose bottles)
不良反應
- Transient blurred vision immediately after application
- Mild ocular irritation or stinging (rare)
- Crusting on the eyelids from dried polymer
注意事項
Contamination Risk: Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface, including the eye or eyelid, to avoid bacterial contamination of the bottle. Timing: If using multiple topical ophthalmic medications, administer hypromellose last, or wait at least 5-10 minutes between applications to prevent washout of the preceding drug. Preservatives: Multi-dose bottles often contain preservatives (e.g., benzalkonium chloride) which can be epitheliotoxic with very frequent use (e.g., >4-6 times daily). Consider preservative-free single-use vials for severe dry eye requiring highly frequent application.
藥物相互作用
May wash out other eye drops if administered simultaneously. Hypromellose can also act as a barrier if applied before other drugs.
監測
- Resolution of clinical signs of dry eye (e.g., redness, mucoid discharge, blepharospasm)
- Schirmer Tear Test (STT) if managing KCS
- Corneal staining (fluorescein) to monitor for corneal ulceration secondary to dry eye
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Not systemically absorbed. Acts locally on the ocular surface.
分佈
Remains on the corneal and conjunctival surfaces.
代謝
Not metabolized systemically.
排除
Cleared from the eye via the nasolacrimal duct and normal tear turnover.
過量
Overdosage is highly unlikely due to the topical route of administration and lack of systemic absorption. Excess drops will simply overflow from the eye.
可用產品
劑型
- Ophthalmic solution: 0.3% (10 ml dropper bottle)
- Ophthalmic solution: 0.5% (10 ml dropper bottle)
- Ophthalmic solution: 0.32% (single-use vial)
人用標示
- Isopto Plain (0.5% solution)
- Various generic hypromellose 0.3% eye drops
各地核准狀態
Available Over-The-Counter (OTC)
Available as Pharmacy (P) or OTC medicine depending on the specific formulation.
Classified as a Pharmacy (P) medicine in the UK.
暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store at room temperature (below 25°C). Do not freeze. Discard 28 days after opening (for multi-dose bottles) to prevent bacterial contamination. Single-use vials should be discarded immediately after use.
飼主須知
羥丙甲纖維素是一種人工淚液，用於保持寵物眼睛濕潤舒適。
- 點眼藥水前請先洗手。
- 請勿讓瓶口接觸寵物的眼睛、眼瞼或您的手指，以免污染。
- 如果您的寵物正在接受其他眼部藥物治療，請在點不同眼藥水之間至少等待 5 到 10 分鐘。通常人工淚液應最後使用。
- 請按照指示存放，如果液體變混濁或變色，請丟棄。
- 多劑量瓶裝通常應在開封後 28 天丟棄。
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。