伊巴沙星
Ibafloxacin
別名: Ibaflin · S-25030
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections (dermal infections: superficial and deep pyoderma, wounds, abscesses) | 15 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | Usually a 10-day course is sufficient. In cases of deep pyoderma, reconsider treatment if sufficient improvement not seen in 21 days. | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections (dermal infections: superficial and deep pyoderma, wounds, abscesses): Give at time of feeding. Reconsider treatment if no improvement after 5 days.
貓
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Susceptible infections (dermal infections: soft tissue infections-wounds, abscesses; upper respiratory tract infections) | 15 mg/kg PO once daily | PO | q24h | Usually a 10-day course is sufficient. | 🌎 NA |
- Susceptible infections (dermal infections: soft tissue infections-wounds, abscesses; upper respiratory tract infections): Give at time of feeding. Reconsider treatment if no improvement after 5 days.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
伊巴沙星 (Ibafloxacin) 是一種獸醫專用的口服氟喹諾酮類抗生素，主要在歐洲使用（美國未上市）。它對多種革蘭氏陰性菌和部分革蘭氏陽性菌（如腸桿菌科、葡萄球菌）具有濃度依賴性的殺菌活性。
臨床要點：與其他氟喹諾酮類藥物（如恩諾沙星或馬波沙星）不同，它對綠膿桿菌 (Pseudomonas)、鏈球菌 (Streptococcus) 和奇異變形桿菌 (Proteus mirabilis) 的療效較差。
值得注意的是，目前沒有證據顯示它會引起貓的視網膜毒性，這是相較於同類某些藥物的一大優勢。
作用機制
Fluoroquinolones exert their bactericidal effect by targeting essential bacterial enzymes involved in DNA replication and transcription.
- Primary Target: Inhibits bacterial DNA-gyrase (topoisomerase II) → prevents DNA supercoiling → halts DNA synthesis.
- Secondary Target: Inhibits topoisomerase IV → interferes with the separation of interlinked replicated DNA molecules.
Ibafloxacin is metabolized into two active metabolites (8-hydroxy-ibafloxacin and 7-hydroxy-ibafloxacin), which contribute to its overall antimicrobial efficacy.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Dogs less than 8 months of age
- Giant breed dogs less than 18 months of age
- Cats less than 8 months of age
- Known quinolone hypersensitivity
不良反應
- Diarrhea
- Soft feces
- Vomiting
- Dullness
- Anorexia
- Salivation
- Elevated hepatic enzymes (rare, class effect)
- Ataxia (rare, class effect)
- Seizures (rare, class effect)
- Depression/Lethargy (rare, class effect)
- Nervousness (rare, class effect)
注意事項
Use should be based upon susceptibility testing. Safety has not been established in pregnant cats or in lactating dogs and cats, though the UK label states it can be used during pregnancy in dogs. Use with caution in patients with central nervous system disorders.
藥物相互作用
Should not be used with NSAIDs in dogs with a history of seizures due to increased risk of CNS stimulation.
Cations may bind to ibafloxacin and prevent its gastrointestinal absorption.
Fluoroquinolones may exacerbate the nephrotoxicity of systemic cyclosporine.
May antagonize the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones; concomitant use is not recommended.
Increased risk for cardiotoxicity.
May inhibit absorption of ibafloxacin; separate doses by at least 2 hours.
Ibafloxacin may increase theophylline blood levels.
監測
- Clinical efficacy
- Adverse GI effects (vomiting, hypersalivation, diarrhea, anorexia)
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Dogs: Oral bioavailability is 70-80% with peak levels at ~1.5 hours. Cats: Rapidly absorbed; food slightly delays absorption but doubles peak levels and increases AUC compared to fasted administration.
分佈
Dogs: Volume of distribution at steady state is 1.1 L/kg. Goats: Vd is 1.65 L/kg.
代謝
Presumably metabolized in the liver to at least two active metabolites: 8-hydroxy-ibafloxacin and 7-hydroxy-ibafloxacin.
排除
Eliminated in both urine and feces as unchanged drug and glucuronidated metabolites. Total clearance in dogs is 8.7 mL/min/kg.
過量
Specific information is limited. It is unlikely an acute overdose would result in signs more serious than anorexia or vomiting.
- Dogs: Doses of 75 mg/kg/day (5X) were apparently well tolerated.
- Cats: Doses up to 75 mg/kg/day demonstrated salivation and vomiting. If overdose occurs in cats, ophthalmic monitoring is recommended as a precaution, despite no reported ocular toxicity.
可用產品
劑型
- Oral gel (3%, 7.5%)
- Tablets (30 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg, 900 mg)
獸醫用
- Ibaflin 3% Oral Gel (30 mg ibafloxacin per gram of gel; 30.9 mg/mL) in 15 mL dial syringes
- 7.5% oral gel
- Tablets: 30 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg, 900 mg
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
The oral gel should not be stored at temperatures more than 25°C. Once opened, it is recommended that the syringe be used within 8 weeks. Dispose of unused product once a course of treatment is completed.
飼主須知
- 給藥方式：請隨餐給予此藥物。
- 完整療程：即使您的寵物看起來已經康復，也務必完成整個處方療程。提早停藥可能會導致細菌產生抗藥性。
- 副作用：請留意輕微的腸胃不適（嘔吐、腹瀉、流口水或食慾不振）。如果這些症狀變嚴重或持續存在，請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。
- 儲存方式：將口服凝膠保存在室溫下（低於 25°C），並在開封 8 週後丟棄任何剩餘的藥物。
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