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Isoxsuprine

Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride

周邊血管擴張劑POIMIV狗馬

別名: Vasodilan · Voxsuprine · Caa-40 · isoxsuprini hydrochloridum · phenoxyisopropylnorsuprifen · Dilum · Duvadilan · Fadaespasmol · Fenam · Inibina · Isodilan · Isotenk · Uterine · Vadosilan · Vasolan · Vasosuprina Ilfi · Xuprin

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

1 mg/kg/day POPO· daily
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Treatment of 'Raynaud-like' disease1 mg/kg/day POPOdaily—🌎 NA

馬

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Treatment of orthopedic conditions, such as navicular disease (For long break-over if therapeutic shoeing does not correct)1.2 mg/kg PO q8h for 3 weeks. The dose is decreased as soundness improves, to 1.2 mg/kg PO once daily for 6 weeks, then every other day until heel first landing occurs.POq8h initially3 weeks initially, then tapered🌎 NA
Treatment of orthopedic conditions, such as navicular disease (To increase the circulation to the podotrochlea)0.6-1.2 mg/kg twice daily until sound, then decreased to once daily for 2 weeks then further decreased to every other day.POtwice daily initiallyUntil sound, then tapered🌎 NA
Treatment of orthopedic conditions0.6-2 mg/kg PO q12hPOq12h—🌎 NA
As a tocolytic agent0.4-0.6 mg/kg IM or PO twice dailyIM or POtwice daily—🌎 NA
  • Treatment of orthopedic conditions, such as navicular disease (For long break-over if therapeutic shoeing does not correct): Phenylbutazone is added if lameness is greater than grade II on a scale of I-V, or until recheck occurs. The drug is classified as a 'blocking' agent by the AHSA.
  • As a tocolytic agent: Efficacy is unproven and oral bioavailability appears highly variable.

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

Isoxsuprine 是一種​周邊血管擴張劑​，在獸醫學中主要用於治療馬的​舟狀骨病 (navicular disease)​，但由於其口服生物利用度差，近期的研究對其口服療效提出質疑。

  • ​馬科應用​：歷史上用於改善馬蹄及舟狀骨滑車的血液循環。也有傳聞用作安胎劑。
  • ​犬科應用​：傳聞可用於治療​類雷諾氏症候群​（週期性指端發紺、甲彎曲）。
  • ​鳥類應用​：可能改善微循環。

​臨床要點​：由於顯著的首過代謝效應，馬匹口服給藥通常無法達到可測量的血漿濃度，導致許多現代獸醫對其在舟狀骨症候群的臨床實用性產生質疑，轉而傾向使用如 pentoxifylline 等其他血液流變學藥物。

作用機制

Isoxsuprine acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist (specifically beta-2 receptors), though its vasodilatory effects may also stem from direct smooth muscle relaxation independent of beta-receptors.

  • Vasodilation: Stimulates beta-2 receptors → increases intracellular cAMP → decreases intracellular calcium → vascular smooth muscle relaxation (primarily in skeletal muscle).
  • Uterine Relaxation: Relaxes uterine smooth muscle, acting as a tocolytic agent.
  • Hemorrheologic Effects: At high doses, it can decrease blood viscosity and reduce platelet aggregation.
  • Cardiac Effects: May exhibit positive inotropic and chronotropic effects on the heart via beta-1 receptor stimulation.
  • Analgesia: Does not appear to possess significant analgesic properties in horses.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Immediately post-partum
  • Presence of arterial bleeding

不良反應

  • CNS stimulation (uneasiness, hyperexcitability, nose-rubbing)
  • Sweating
  • Hypotension
  • Tachycardia
  • Gastrointestinal disturbances

注意事項

Warning: Do not administer immediately post-partum or in the presence of active arterial bleeding due to its vasodilatory properties.

  • Pregnancy: FDA Category C (animal studies show adverse fetal effects; use with caution).
  • Lactation: Safety is unknown.
  • Regulatory: Classified as an ARCI Class 4 drug and a 'blocking' agent by the AHSA.

監測

  • Clinical efficacy (improvement in lameness or digital circulation)
  • Adverse effects (tachycardia, GI disturbances, CNS stimulation)

藥物動力學

半衰期

馬2.5-3 hours (IV)

吸收

In humans, almost completely absorbed from the GI tract. In horses, bioavailability is low after oral administration, probably due to a high first-pass effect.

代謝

Undergoes significant first-pass metabolism in horses.

過量

Serious toxicity is unlikely in horses after an inadvertent oral overdose due to poor bioavailability.

  • Clinical Signs: CNS stimulation (uneasiness, hyperexcitability, nose-rubbing), sweating, hypotension, tachycardia, and GI disturbances.
  • Treatment: Provide supportive care. Treat CNS hyperexcitability with diazepam, and hypotension with intravenous fluids.

可用產品

劑型

  • Tablets

人用標示

  • Isoxsuprine HCl Tablets: 10 mg & 20 mg (Vasodilan, Voxsuprine, generic)

各地核准狀態

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Tablets should be stored in tight containers at room temperature (15-30°C).

飼主須知

  • ​按時服藥​：為了達到最佳療效，必須嚴格按照獸醫的指示按時給藥。
  • ​給藥技巧​：在給藥前，可以將藥片壓碎，並加入玉米糖漿或櫻桃糖漿等製成泥狀或糊狀，以提高動物的接受度。
  • ​注意事項​：如果您發現寵物出現焦躁不安、過度出汗、心跳過快或腸胃不適的跡象，請立即聯繫您的獸醫。
  • ​儲存方式​：請將藥片保存在密封容器中，並置於室溫下。

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