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鋰

Lithium

Lithium carbonate

造血刺激劑PO狗貓

別名: Camcolit · Liskonum · Priadel · Lithium · Li2CO3

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

10 mg/kgPO· q12h
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Bone marrow suppression / neutropenia10 mg/kgPOq12h—🌍 EU
  • Bone marrow suppression / neutropenia: Give with food.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
ContraindicatedDo not usePO——🌍 EU
  • Contraindicated: Lithium is toxic to cats.

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

碳酸鋰主要用於獸醫學中刺激骨髓造血。適用於治療​特發性再生不良性貧血​、​細胞毒性藥物引起的嗜中性白血球低下​或​血小板低下​、​雌激素引起的骨髓抑制​及​週期性造血不良​。

​臨床警告​：藥效發揮前可能有長達4週的潛伏期。

實驗研究顯示，與細胞毒性藥物同時給藥時，鋰可能預防相關的嗜中性白血球低下，但目前缺乏充分的臨床試驗證實。

​臨床提示​：建議的治療血清鋰濃度為0.5-1.8 mmol/l，若情況允許應每3個月評估一次。

作用機制

Lithium stimulates bone marrow stem cells, causing an increase in the production of haemopoietic cell lines → particularly granulocytes.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Cats (highly toxic)
  • Renal impairment
  • Cardiac disease
  • Conditions with sodium imbalance (e.g., hypoadrenocorticism)
  • Dehydration

不良反應

  • Nausea
  • Diarrhoea
  • Muscle weakness
  • Fatigue
  • Polyuria (PU)
  • Polydipsia (PD)
  • Seizures
  • Hypothyroidism (blocks release of T3 and T4)

注意事項

WARNING: Do not use in cats as lithium is highly toxic to them.

WARNING: Avoid in patients with renal impairment, cardiac disease, or sodium imbalance. Only use in patients showing no signs of dehydration.

  • Therapeutic Monitoring: Assess serum lithium concentration every 3 months (target: 0.5-1.8 mmol/l).
  • Thyroid Monitoring: Assess thyroid status every 6 months, as lithium can block the release of T3 and T4.

藥物相互作用

ACE inhibitorsMajor

Reduces lithium excretion, increasing the risk of toxicity

Loop diureticsMajor

Reduces lithium excretion and causes sodium depletion, worsening toxicity

Thiazide diureticsMajor

Reduces lithium excretion and causes sodium depletion, worsening toxicity

NSAIDsMajor

Reduces lithium excretion, increasing the risk of toxicity

TheophyllineModerate

May increase the excretion of lithium, potentially reducing efficacy

NeostigmineModerate

Lithium antagonizes the effects of neostigmine

PyridostigmineModerate

Lithium antagonizes the effects of pyridostigmine

DiltiazemMajor

Concurrent administration may result in neurotoxicity

VerapamilMajor

Concurrent administration may result in neurotoxicity

監測

  • Serum lithium concentration (target 0.5-1.8 mmol/l, assess every 3 months)
  • Thyroid status (T3 and T4, assess every 6 months)
  • Renal function
  • Hydration status and serum sodium levels

過量

Lithium is nephrotoxic at high doses. Toxicity is significantly worsened by sodium depletion (e.g., concurrent diuretic use or dehydration). Signs of toxicity may include severe nausea, diarrhoea, muscle weakness, polyuria/polydipsia, and seizures.

可用產品

劑型

  • 250 mg oral tablet
  • 400 mg oral tablet

人用標示

  • Camcolit 250 mg tablet
  • Camcolit 400 mg tablet
  • Liskonum 450 mg tablet (strength varies by region)
  • Priadel 200 mg tablet
  • Priadel 400 mg tablet

各地核准狀態

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA

Human authorized products used off-label under the cascade (POM).

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD

Human authorized products used off-label under the cascade (POM).

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Normal precautions should be observed. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

飼主須知

請將此藥物​隨餐給予​以減少腸胃不適。

藥物可能需要​長達4週​的時間才能顯現出改善狗狗血球數量的效果。

請密切觀察您的狗狗是否有過度飲水和排尿、肌肉無力、極度疲倦或癲癇發作的跡象，若出現這些情況請立即聯繫您的獸醫師。

​絕對不可將此藥物給貓咪服用​，因為對牠們具有高度毒性。請務必按時回診，您的狗狗需要定期進行血液檢查以監測藥物濃度及甲狀腺功能。

VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。