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莫匹羅星

Mupirocin

Pseudomonic acid A

抗生素 - 局部外用Topical狗貓

別名: Bactroban · Pseudomonic acid A

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

WHO 高度重要抗生素 — 建議負責任地使用
Apply a thin layer of cream to infected areastopical· q8h· Maximum 7 days

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Bacterial skin infections (pyotraumatic dermatitis, intertrigo, callus pyoderma, acne)Apply a thin layer of cream to infected areastopicalq8hMaximum 7 days🌍 EU
  • Bacterial skin infections (pyotraumatic dermatitis, intertrigo, callus pyoderma, acne): 10 minutes contact time is required for activity.

貓

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Bacterial skin infections (including feline acne)Apply a thin layer of cream to infected areastopicalq8hMaximum 7 days🌍 EU
  • Bacterial skin infections (including feline acne): 10 minutes contact time is required for activity.

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

莫匹羅星是一種具有獨特化學結構的局部抗生素，主要用於治療對其他藥物具抗藥性的細菌性皮膚感染（特別是葡萄球菌）。在人類醫學中，它被保留用於根除MRSA。​臨床警告​：僅在沒有其他替代治療選項時使用，且使用時間不應超過7天，以減少抗藥性的產生。

作用機制

Mupirocin blocks protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly and specifically binding to and inhibiting bacterial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase → prevents the incorporation of isoleucine into growing protein chains → halts bacterial growth and replication.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Patients with known renal impairment (due to potential systemic absorption of the polyethylene glycol vehicle in some ointment formulations)
  • Deep puncture wounds or severe burns

不良反應

  • Stinging sensation at the application site
  • Local irritation or erythema

注意事項

​Resistance Warning:​ Do not use for longer than 7 days to limit the development of resistance. ​Zoonotic/Safety Warning:​ Use impervious gloves for application to prevent human exposure and potential resistance development. Avoid contact with eyes. Avoid use if renal impairment is present.

監測

  • Resolution of clinical signs of skin infection
  • Signs of local irritation or hypersensitivity at the application site

藥物動力學

半衰期

貓Not established狗Not established (rapidly metabolized if absorbed)

吸收

Systemic absorption through intact skin is minimal. Absorption may increase if applied to broken skin, open wounds, or mucous membranes.

分佈

Remains primarily localized to the stratum corneum after topical application.

代謝

Any systemically absorbed mupirocin is rapidly metabolized to the inactive metabolite monic acid.

排除

Inactive metabolites are excreted primarily by the kidneys.

過量

Systemic toxicity from topical overdosage is highly unlikely due to minimal absorption and rapid metabolism of any absorbed drug. Ingestion may cause mild gastrointestinal upset. ​Clinical Pearl:​ The primary concern with excessive application is local irritation or potential toxicity from the polyethylene glycol (PEG) base in patients with renal compromise.

可用產品

劑型

  • 2% cream
  • 2% ointment

人用標示

  • Bactroban 2% cream
  • Bactroban 2% ointment

各地核准狀態

United States✓ 已核准處方藥FDA/CVM
🐕 Dogs

FDA approved for canine bacterial skin infections.

European Union✓ 已核准處方藥EMA
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM (Prescription Only Medicine). Strongly discouraged for routine use to preserve efficacy for human MRSA.

United Kingdom✓ 已核准處方藥VMD
🐕 Dogs🐈 Cats

POM-V. Reserved for resistant infections.

暫無法規資料: 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature (below 25°C). Do not freeze.

飼主須知

塗抹時請戴上防滲透手套。在感染部位塗抹薄薄一層。塗抹後需保持10分鐘的接觸時間才能發揮藥效，請防止寵物舔舐。請勿連續使用超過7天。

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