分枝桿菌細胞壁萃取免疫調節劑
**分枝桿菌細胞壁萃取免疫調節劑** 是一種生物製劑，在獸醫學中主要用於刺激患病動物的免疫系統以對抗腫瘤和特定感染。 * 在**狗**中，它被用作局部浸潤注射，用於混合性乳腺瘤和乳腺腺癌的免疫療法。 * 在**馬**中，它用於治療馬肉樣瘤（局部浸潤）、透過靜脈注射治療馬呼吸道疾病綜合徵 (ERDC)，以及由獸疫鏈琊菌 (*Streptococcus zooepidemicus*) 引起的馬子宮內膜炎（靜脈注射或子宮內灌注）。 > **臨床提示：** 由於這是一種免疫調節劑，其療效完全依賴於患者具備功能正常的免疫系統。雖然局部（腫瘤內）的療效已有文獻記載，但全身性療效尚未得到充分證實。
作用機制: The drug exerts a non-specific immune stimulatory effect, primarily targeting **cell-mediated immune mechanisms** and **macrophage activation**. * **Macrophage activation** → Release of **Interleukin-1 (IL-1)** → Cascade of immune responses targeting abnormal cells (tumors) or pathogens. * Requires a competent, functional immune system to be effective.
各物種劑量
- Immunotherapy of sarcoids · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Large pedunculated sarcoids should be de-bulked by partial excision prior to treatment. Use no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Inject quickly as emulsion separates rapidly.
- Immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of Equine Respiratory Disease Complex (ERDC) · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · May be repeated in 1-3 weeks · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · 1.5 mL (one syringe) · IV · Once during the early estrus period · Inject into the jugular vein.
- Aid in the treatment of equine metritis caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus · Dilute 1.5 mL of Settle in sterile LRS, normal saline, water for injection or semen extender to provide a final volume of 25-50 mL. · Intrauterine · Once · Aseptically administer the diluted solution into the uterus using a sterile catheter.
- Immunotherapy of mixed mammary tumor and mammary adenocarcinoma · Dosage varies with tumor size, but 1 mL should be considered a minimum dose. Infiltrate entire tumor and a small region of adjacent and underlying tissue. · Intratumoral · Once, 2-4 weeks before surgery. If surgery is not to be used, repeat treatment every 1-3 weeks. · Discontinue if no response after 4 treatments · Using no larger than a 20-gauge needle. Be certain the emulsion is mixed thoroughly and inject quickly as emulsion can separate rapidly. Additional anesthetics or analgesics may be used for pain.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Prior hypersensitivity to mycobacterial cell wall compounds
- Active mycobacterial infections
不良反應
- Transient fever
- Depression or drowsiness
- Decreased appetite
- Localized pain and tenderness at injection site
- Tumor necrosis and draining (expected therapeutic effect but can be an adverse event)
- Hypersensitivity or Anaphylaxis
- Severe respiratory inflammatory reactions (reported in horses)
藥物相互作用
- Corticosteroids, ACTH, Immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., cyclosporine) · May reduce the effectiveness of mycobacterial cell wall immunostimulants
監測
- Clinical Efficacy (tumor size, metritis improvement, or respiratory infection improvement)
- Adverse Effects (fever, local reactions, appetite)
過量
No information was located regarding overdosage or acute toxicity.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。