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新生黴素鈉

Novobiocin Sodium

Novobiocin sodium

抗生素POIntramammary狗牛

別名: Albadry Plus · Albamycin · Biodry · Delta Albaplex · crystallinic acid · PA-93 · streptonivicin · U-6591 · novobiocinum natricum · sodium novobiocin

由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本

22 mg/kg of each antibiotic and 0.55 mg prednisolone PO q12hPO· q12h· 48 hours
— 🐕

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

各物種劑量

🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe

狗

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Susceptible infections22 mg/kg of each antibiotic and 0.55 mg prednisolone PO q12hPOq12h48 hours🌎 NA
  • Susceptible infections: Using the combination product (with tetracycline and prednisolone)

牛

適應症劑量途徑頻次療程地區
Subclinical mastitis in dry cowsInfuse contents of one syringe into each quarter at the time of drying off; not later than 30 days prior to calving.IntramammaryOnce—🌎 NA
  • Subclinical mastitis in dry cows: Shake well before using.

劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。

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概覽

新生黴素是一種窄效抗生素，主要對某些​革蘭氏陽性球菌​有效。

  • ​獸醫用途：​ 獲FDA核准與青黴素G合併使用，作為乾乳期乳牛的乳房注入劑（治療乳腺炎）。在犬隻中，也有與四環黴素及培尼皮質醇（prednisolone）合併的口服製劑。
  • ​臨床要點：​ 由於有更安全且廣效的抗生素可供選擇，新生黴素在現代小動物臨床上的全身性使用相對少見，主要侷限於特定的複方產品。

作用機制

Novobiocin acts in a bactericidal manner through multiple mechanisms:

  • Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase → interferes with protein and nucleic acid synthesis.
  • Interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis.
  • ​Note:​ The activity of the drug is significantly enhanced in an alkaline medium.

安全性與警告

禁忌症

  • Known hypersensitivity to novobiocin

不良反應

  • Fever
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Rashes
  • Blood dyscrasias
  • Hepatotoxicity (reported in humans)

注意事項

Use with extreme caution in patients with preexisting hepatic or hematopoietic dysfunction. Safety during pregnancy has not been established; use only when clearly indicated.

藥物相互作用

Beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins)

Novobiocin may block tubular transport, potentially decreasing the elimination rates and prolonging the half-lives of these drugs.

監測

  • Clinical efficacy
  • Adverse effects
  • Periodic liver function tests (if using long-term systemically)
  • CBCs (if using long-term systemically)

藥物動力學

吸收

Well absorbed from the GI tract after oral administration. Peak levels occur within 1-4 hours. The presence of food can decrease peak concentrations.

分佈

Poorly distributed to body fluids (synovial, pleural, and ascitic fluid concentrations are less than plasma). Minimal quantities cross the blood-brain barrier, even with inflamed meninges. Highest concentrations are found in the small intestine and liver. Approximately 90% protein bound. Distributed into milk.

代謝

Can be metabolized into a yellow-colored product that may interfere with serum bilirubin determinations.

排除

Primarily eliminated in the bile and feces. Approximately 3% is excreted into the urine.

過量

Little information is available regarding overdoses. It is suggested that large oral overdoses be handled by emptying the gut following standard protocols; monitor and treat adverse effects symptomatically if necessary.

可用產品

劑型

  • Intramammary syringe (combination)
  • Oral tablets (combination)

獸醫用

  • Albadry Plus® (Novobiocin 400 mg and Penicillin G Procaine 200,000 Units per 10 mL syringe)
  • Delta Albaplex® (Novobiocin Sodium 60 mg, Tetracycline HCl 60 mg, Prednisolone 1.5 mg tablets)
  • Delta Albaplex® 3X (Novobiocin Sodium 180 mg, Tetracycline HCl 180 mg, Prednisolone 4.5 mg tablets)

各地核准狀態

暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU

儲存與穩定性

Store at room temperature in tight containers unless otherwise directed.

飼主須知

​重要提示：​ 使用前請充分搖勻乳房注入劑。

  • 請勿超過建議劑量或治療時間。
  • 如果您的寵物出現嚴重的嘔吐、腹瀉或嗜睡，請聯繫您的獸醫。

VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用，不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。