奧沙拉秦鈉
Olsalazine Sodium
Sodium 3,3'-azobis(6-hydroxybenzoate)
別名: Dipentum · Rasal · azodisal sodium · dimesalamine · CI mordant yellow 5 · CI No. 14130 · CJ-91B · olsalazinum natricum · sodium azodisalicylate
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
各物種劑量
🌎 NA — North America🌍 EU — Europe
狗
| 適應症 | 劑量 | 途徑 | 頻次 | 療程 | 地區 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| For dogs who cannot tolerate sulfasalazine | 10-20 mg/kg | PO | three times daily | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chronic colitis | 10-20 mg/kg | PO | q8h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chronic colitis | 10-15 mg/kg | PO | q8-12h | — | 🌎 NA |
| Chronic colitis | 5-10 mg/kg | PO | three times daily | — | 🌎 NA |
- Chronic colitis: Has had limited use in dogs without causing apparent side effects.
- Chronic colitis: Initially, then reduce gradually.
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
奧沙拉秦鈉是一種局部作用的胃腸道抗發炎藥物，主要用於獸醫學中治療犬隻的慢性結腸炎。
它可作為對柳氮磺胺吡啶 (sulfasalazine) 無效或無法耐受（通常是因為磺胺基團引起乾眼症等副作用）的病患的替代療法。在結構上，它是一種前驅藥，由兩個5-氨基水楊酸 (5-ASA, mesalamine) 分子透過偶氮鍵連接而成。由於它缺乏柳氮磺胺吡啶中的磺胺吡啶基團，因此引發免疫介導副作用的風險通常較低，但偶爾仍可能發生淚液分泌減少的問題。
作用機制
Olsalazine is a prodrug that passes through the stomach and small intestine largely intact.
Upon reaching the colon, bacterial azoreductase enzymes (produced by normal colonic flora) cleave the azo bond, releasing two molecules of 5-ASA (mesalamine).
- 5-ASA acts locally on the colonic mucosa.
- It inhibits the cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways → decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
- It also acts as a free radical scavenger, reducing oxidative tissue damage in the inflamed colon.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Hypersensitivity to olsalazine or salicylates
不良反應
- Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS / dry eye) - less frequent than with sulfasalazine
- Diarrhea (paradoxical worsening reported in humans)
- Vomiting (especially with overdose)
- Decreased motor activity (with overdose)
- Elevated ALT or AST
注意事項
Important Note: While the risk of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS) is lower than with sulfasalazine, baseline and periodic Schirmer Tear Tests (STT) are still highly recommended.
- Renal Disease: Use with caution in animals with pre-existing renal disease, as rare nephrotoxicity has been reported in human patients.
- Pregnancy (FDA Category C): High-dose rat studies showed some fetal abnormalities. Use during pregnancy only when benefits outweigh the risks.
- Lactation: Oral olsalazine given to lactating rats produced growth retardation in pups. Use with caution in nursing patients.
- Hepatic: May cause increases in ALT or AST; monitor liver enzymes if used long-term.
藥物相互作用
Olsalazine may increase prothrombin times in patients receiving warfarin.
監測
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of colitis signs)
- Adverse effects (especially signs of KCS/dry eye)
- Schirmer Tear Test (STT) periodically
- Serum ALT and AST
藥物動力學
半衰期
吸收
Poorly absorbed systemically; approximately 98% of an oral dose reaches the colon intact.
分佈
Acts locally within the lumen and mucosa of the colon.
代謝
Cleaved in the large intestine by bacterial azoreductases into 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, mesalamine).
排除
The small amount of drug that is absorbed systemically is rapidly eliminated.
過量
Overdosage in dogs may cause vomiting, diarrhea, and decreased motor activity.
- Toxicity: Dosages up to 2 grams/kg were not lethal in dogs.
- Treatment: Treat symptomatically and supportively. GI decontamination may be considered if a massive overdose was recently ingested.
可用產品
劑型
- Oral capsules
人用標示
- Olsalazine Sodium Oral Capsules: 250 mg; Dipentum® (UCB Pharma); (Rx)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Store capsules at room temperature. Olsalazine sodium is stable under physiologic acidic and alkaline conditions.
飼主須知
- 給藥方式： 請隨餐餵食以減少腸胃不適，並盡量將每日劑量平均分配於各個時段。
- 監測乾眼症： 請留意寵物眼睛是否有濃稠的黃綠色分泌物、瞇眼或發紅。此藥物偶爾會減少淚液分泌（即「乾眼症」或 KCS）。
- 監測糞便： 如果開始服用此藥物後狗狗的腹瀉情況惡化，請聯繫您的獸醫師。
除非獸醫師指示，否則請勿突然停藥；若出現不良反應，請尋求專業建議。
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