奧芬達唑
奧芬達唑是一種**苯並咪唑類驅蟲藥**，主要用於牛隻，以清除和控制肺線蟲、蛔蟲（包括奧斯特線蟲的抑制期幼蟲）及絛蟲。 - **廣效性**：對多種致病性體內寄生蟲有效。 - **標籤外使用**：常被用於馬、羊、山羊、豬及狗。 - **臨床要點**：奧芬達唑是芬苯達唑的活性亞碸代謝物。與許多其他苯並咪唑類藥物相比，它在胃腸道的吸收更好，能達到更高的血漿濃度及更長的滯留時間。
作用機制: Oxfendazole exerts its antiparasitic effects by disrupting intracellular microtubular transport systems within the parasite. - Binds selectively to and damages **tubulin** → prevents tubulin polymerization → inhibits **microtubule** formation. - At higher concentrations, it disrupts metabolic pathways and inhibits key metabolic enzymes, including **malate dehydrogenase** and **fumarate reductase**, ultimately depleting the helminth's energy reserves and causing death.
各物種劑量
- For susceptible parasites · 5 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose
- For susceptible parasites · 7.5 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose
- For susceptible parasites · 4.5 mg/kg either PO or via intraruminal injection (22.5% only). May repeat in 4-6 weeks. Dose of the 9.06% suspension is 2.5 mL per 100 lb (50 kg) of body weight PO. Dose of the 22.5% suspension is 1 mL per 100 lb (50 kg) of body weight either PO or intraruminal injection. · PO/intraruminal · Single dose, may repeat in 4-6 weeks · See package label for specific directions if giving by intraruminal injection.
- For susceptible parasites · 10 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose
- For susceptible parasites · 3-4.5 mg/kg PO · PO · Single dose
- For Oslerus osleri · 10 mg/kg PO once daily for 28 days. · PO · q24h · 28 days
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
給藥途徑
禁忌症
- Female dairy cattle of breeding age
不良反應
- Hypersensitivity reactions (theoretically possible secondary to antigen release by dying parasites, particularly at high dosages)
藥物相互作用
- Bromsalan flukicides (dibromsalan, tribromsalan) · Concurrent use is contraindicated; abortions in cattle and death in sheep have been reported after using these compounds together.
監測
- Clinical efficacy (resolution of clinical signs, fecal egg counts)
過量
> **Safety Profile**: Oxfendazole has a wide margin of safety. Doses of 10 times those recommended elicited no adverse reactions in horses tested. It is highly unlikely that this compound would cause serious acute toxicity when given alone.
VetSheet 藥物參考供持牌獸醫專業人員作臨床決策輔助之用,不能取代專業判斷或廠方最新藥品說明書。