奧苯達唑
Oxibendazole
別名: Anthelcide EQ · Dio · Equidin · Equitac · Loditac · SKF-30310
由 VetSheet 獸醫團隊審訂更新於 2026年4月5日本內容以實證獸醫文獻為本
經審核的 v13 劑量證據
結構化劑量計算證據Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection after diagnostic risk-benefit discussion
- q24h · 30d
必須同時考慮的臨床上下文 (9)
- Infections marked by ocular, CNS, and renal disease
- Otitis interna and/or media
- Most common cause of vestibular signs must exclude first
- CNS infections (toxoplasmosis, abscess), neoplasia, trauma
- Many North American and European rabbits will be positive, indicative of prior (in utero) exposure and not necessarily active disease
- Definitive diagnosis based on organism (obligate intracellular microsporidian parasite) identification in affected tissues, generally postmortem
- Head CT/MRI is considered for excluding bulla disease, abscess, neoplasia
- Positive serology and response to treatment supports presumed diagnosis, but risk/benefit discussion required prior to initiation
- Risk of bone marrow suppression/aplastic anemia/pancytopenia with therapy must be considered/discussed prior to therapy
劑量為持牌獸醫專業人員的臨床參考。請務必對照最新藥品說明書及個別病患確認。
概覽
奧苯達唑 (Oxibendazole) 是一種苯並咪唑類驅蟲藥，主要用於馬匹以清除多種體內線蟲。
- 主要治療目標：大型蛔蟲 (Parascaris equorum)、大型圓線蟲 (Strongylus edentatus, S. equinus, S. vulgaris)、小型圓線蟲、蟯蟲 (Oxyuris equi) 等。
- 臨床要點：苯並咪唑類藥物的抗藥性在馬匹寄生蟲學中是一個日益嚴重的問題，特別是在小型圓線蟲和蛔蟲中。強烈建議定期進行糞便蟲卵減少試驗 (FECRT)，以監測特定農場的藥物療效。若5-10匹馬的減少率低於90%，則表示該農場可能存在抗藥性。
- 雖然主要標示用於馬匹，但也可標示外使用於牛、羊和豬。
作用機制
Benzimidazoles exert their anthelmintic effect by selectively binding to nematode β-tubulin.
- Primary Mechanism: Binds to tubulin → prevents tubulin polymerization → inhibits microtubule formation. This disrupts essential intracellular transport systems within the parasite.
- Secondary Mechanism: At higher concentrations, it disrupts metabolic pathways by inhibiting key enzymes such as fumarate reductase and malate dehydrogenase, ultimately starving the parasite of energy (ATP depletion).
- Pharmacological Note: The selective toxicity arises because benzimidazoles have a much higher affinity for nematode tubulin compared to mammalian tubulin.
安全性與警告
禁忌症
- Severely debilitated horses
- Horses suffering from colic
- Toxemia
- Infectious disease
不良反應
- Hypersensitivity reactions (secondary to antigen release by dying parasites)
- Periportal hepatitis (historically noted in dogs when combined with diethylcarbamazine)
注意事項
Use with caution in debilitated animals. Resistance to benzimidazoles is highly prevalent; fecal egg count reduction testing (FECRT) is strongly recommended to ensure efficacy.
監測
- Efficacy (via Fecal Egg Count Reduction Test - FECRT)
過量
Doses of 60 times those recommended elicited no adverse reactions in horses tested. It is unlikely that this compound would cause serious toxicity when given alone to horses.
可用產品
劑型
- Oral suspension
- Oral paste
獸醫用
- Oxibendazole Suspension: 100 mg/mL (10%)
- Oxibendazole Oral Paste: 227 mg/gram (22.7%)
各地核准狀態
暫無法規資料: 🇺🇸 US · 🇪🇺 EU · 🇬🇧 UK · 🇭🇰 HK · 🇹🇼 TW · 🇯🇵 JP · 🇰🇷 KR · 🇦🇺 AU
儲存與穩定性
Unless otherwise directed by the manufacturer, oxibendazole products should be stored at room temperature; protect from freezing.
飼主須知
重要提示：此藥物用於治療您動物體內的特定寄生蟲。
- 給藥方式：每次使用前請將懸浮液充分搖勻，以確保劑量準確。
- 儲存方式：請將藥物保存在室溫下，切勿冷凍。
- 食用動物警告：此藥物絕對不可用於供人類食用的馬匹。
- 副作用：副作用非常罕見。偶爾在寄生蟲死亡時可能會出現輕微的過敏反應。如果您的馬匹在給藥後出現不適，請聯繫您的獸醫。
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